High Environmental Temperature Induces Oxidative Stress, Reduced Sow Productivity and Increased Piglet Mortality
Journal Title: Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences - Year 2024, Vol 9, Issue 2
Abstract
Heat stress is a limiting factor for livestock productivity in many countries. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of exposure of exotic pigs to high environmental temperatures on physiology, oxidative stress biomarkers and productivity. Multiparous sows (n = 40) in two equal groups (Groups N and H) were investigated. The pen temperature, relative humidity and Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) were measured for 30 days. The skin temperature, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were measured weekly. Haematology, serum biochemistry and oxidative biomarkers were also evaluated. The production records, including farrowing events (NFE), number of piglets at birth (NPB), number of piglets at weaning (NPW) and piglet mortality (NPM) were obtained per sow for the preceding 24 months. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a student T-test at P+0.99 0C, 48.90+7.94 %) compared to Group N (25.21+0.94 0C, 58.97+6.21 %). The THI was higher in Group H (78.40+1.99). There was a significant increase in skin surface temperature and respiratory rate in Group H (37.70+1.40 0C and 39.70+4.28 bpm) with a slight increase in rectal temperature compared to Group N (33.86+0.95 0C and 35.79+2.89 bpm). There was a slight increase in PCV, blood urea nitrogen and a decrease in the levels of sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate in sows in Group H. There was a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide generation, nitric oxide contents and malondialdehyde levels, with a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content in Group H when compared to Group N. There was a reduction in farrowing events (N = 3.45+0.20; H = 3.00+ 0.19), number of piglets at birth (N = 29.15+1.92; H = 27.95+ 2.44), the number of piglets at weaning (N = 27.65+1.89; H = 25.90+ 2.25), and an increase in piglet mortality (N = 1.5+0.21; H = 2.05+0.42) in sows exposed to higher temperatures. The orientation of the pig housing in the north-south direction reduced its effectiveness. Exotic sows exposed to heat stress had altered physiology, experienced oxidative stress, were prone to renal and hepatic injury, and had reduced productivity. Adequate thermal comfort should be ensured in pig husbandry in the tropics for optimal health and productivity.
Authors and Affiliations
Oladipo Omotosho,Olusola Fowowe,John Abiola,Ademola Oyagbemi,Temidayo Omobowale,
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP733338
- DOI -
- Views 37
- Downloads 0
Unique Physiological and Behavioural Adaptive Features of The One-Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) to Arid Environments
The dromedary camel is mainly found in the tropics of Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian sub-content, where it is of great importance to nomadic and rural communities to provide high-quality animal protein in the fo...
Verification Of Molecular And Conventional Techniques Used In The Diagnosis Of Equine Herpes Virus In Some Egyptian Governorates
Equid herpesviruses (EHVs) affect equine health and can cause significant economic losses to the equine industry worldwide. In the current study, the circulation of two infectious equid herpesviruses (EHV-1 and EHV-4) amo...
Assessment of welfare and health of dairy cows under different housing and management systems
This study was conducted in six dairy farms in Beni-Suef Governorate representing the most prevalent systems of housing and management in Egypt to assess the welfare and health of dairy cows kept in these systems. These...
Sarcosporidiosis of the Ovine Esophagus: Frequency and Histopathological Identification of the Species Involved in Tiaret, Algeria
Sarcosporidiosis is a common parasitic disease due to protozoa of the Sarcocystis genera. This study, conducted in the Tiaret region of Algeria from September 2018 to April 2019, aimed to determine the global frequency o...
Comparison Between Electroacupuncture, Detomidine Plus Electroacupuncture And Detomidine Alone For Laparoscopic Surgery In Goats
This study aimed to validate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture (EA), detomidine plus electroacupuncture and detomidine alone for laparoscopy in goats in terms of physiological variables, vital parameters, CBC and p...