HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF FORMATION OF THE POSTAL SERVICE IN UKRAINE AND ITS INTERACTION WITH THE CUSTOMS
Journal Title: Сталий розвиток економіки - Year 2018, Vol 39, Issue 2
Abstract
Purpose. The purpose is to investigate the historical aspects of the development of the postal service of Ukraine and characterize its interaction with customs in the part of movement (forwarding) of shipments. Methodology of research. The theoretical basis of the research is the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem under study. General scientific methods and techniques are used in the process of work: monographic – to study literary sources on the topic of research; formal logic – for analysis, generalization and systematization of the material; tabular and graphical – for displaying the analyzed data; abstract and logical – when substantiating the theoretical positions and formulating conclusions. Findings. The peculiarities of postal service development of different countries in the period of antiquity, feudalism and capitalism are determined. Three periods of development of Ukrainian post office are described. The relationship between the postal service and the customs authorities is analyzed and it is found that their formation and development took place almost simultaneously: the development of international trade contributed to the formation of customs policy bases (even at the time of antiquity); the establishment of a connection between the main cities of the country – the strengthening of postal communication, initially only for the delivery of written correspondence (at the time of the Middle Ages), and later also parcels (since the XVIII century), and the need for charging fees for their forwarding, as well as timely detection of forbidden before sending goods both inside the country and beyond its borders. It was established that the main task of cooperation and interaction of the postal service and the customs in the context of the implementation of postal items is to replenish the budget by paying for the shipment of items to the addressee, identifying prohibited goods, establishing conformity of the total invoice value of the goods with its real value and completeness of payment on this basis customs, etc. Originality. Further development of generalization of the main stages of the postal service and customs development has been developed, which gives grounds for further searching for effective ways of their interaction on a long-term basis in order to fulfill, first of all, key functions of both postal service and customs. Practical value. Some provisions of scientific research can be used in the educational process and in the writing of scientific papers.
Authors and Affiliations
Larysa Fedoryshyna
Keywords
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