HPV: INFECTION, PREVENTION AND VACCINATION IN INDIA
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Laboratory Research - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
cancer (CaCx) is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. Infection of high risk Human papillomaviruses (hrHPV) is primary etiological factor for development of epithelial lesions in cervix ranging from warts to invasive cancer. CaCx is the second most prevalent cancer among females in India contributing to 14% of all cancers (NCRP, 2015). The persistent infection hrHPV (type 16 and 18) is responsible for more than 70% of cervical cancer, however, low-risk HPV i.e. type 6 and 11 causes approximately 90% of genital warts. Hence, preventive intervention for HPV infection may bring down the incidence of HPV associated disease including cervical cancers and genital warts. Primary prevention of cervical cancer can be achieved by vaccination and screening for hrHPV infection may act as tool for secondary prevention. Currently screening method includes visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), cervical cytology, detection of HPV based on DNA and RNA. There is availability of p16 immunohistochemistry which as surrogate maker for hrHPV infection. Vaccines are now available for primary prevention which will reduce the burden of cancer; quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardsil®) targeting HPV type- 16, 18, 6 and 11 and bivalent vaccine (Cervarix®) against HPV type 16 and 18. This article is focussing on recent update on hrHPV and its association in Indian context.
Authors and Affiliations
Imran Haider, Ritesh Kumar, Pranay Tanwar
Keywords
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