Human Papillomavirus in the Aetiology of Cervical Cancer: A Literature Review
Journal Title: International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
Human papillomavirus a double stranded non-enveloped DNA virus has been well established as a cause of cervical cancer since 1976 following the discovery of the nobel laureate Dr Herald Zur Hansen. This virus infect immature squamous epithelium at the squamocolumnal junction following usually a squamous metaplasia or erosion of the epithelium. This results in viral cytopathic changes which manifest cyologically and histologically as premalignant lesion of the cervix. These premalignant lesions eventully progress to become cancer. Several molecular methods has been used to detect human papillomavirus infection in the cervix. These include Polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, liquid hybridization, reverse hybridization and human papillomavirus mRNA detection. It is possible to prevent the infection through vaccination against human papillomavirus. Also the unpleasant consequences of persistent human papillomavirus infection of the cervix can be prevented through effective cervical cancer screening programme. Human papillomavirus is not just capable of infecting the cervical epithelium but capable of causing premalignant and eventual malignant transformation. Immunization of females before the debut of sexual intercourse and an effective cervical screening programmes would help in the eradication of cervical cancer.
Authors and Affiliations
Godstime I. Irabor, Ejemen G. Aigbe, Dominic Akpan
Keywords
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