Human papiloma virus testing in the cervix of high-risk women: A hospital-based clinicopathological, colposcopic, and cytogenetic study
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiopathogenesis of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the cervix has been proven beyond doubt. Uterine cervix is a privileged organ being accessible and easily examined for lesions that can be extirpated in noninvasive stage, thus affecting a complete cure. Many different modalities for early detection of cervical lesions have been adopted, the most cost-effective being the Pap smear (Papanicolaou test). HPV DNA hybrid capture assays can be specifically used for detection of HPV DNA. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate HPV positivity in high-risk women and to evaluate its relationship with age, parity, and other risk factors. Besides, it was carried out to evaluate the results of cytology, colposcopy, histo - pathology and HPV hybridization in early detection of cervical carcinoma, and to evaluate each parameter in the present setup. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective study carried out from April 2006 to March 2007. Two hundred prospective patients were enrolled to study HPV positivity among high-risk women. Pap smears were taken and microscopically studied according to the Bethesda System 1988. Patients with atypical squamous cell of undeterminate significance (ASCUS) were then subjected to hybrid capture HPV test. Colposcopy examination and colposcopically- directed biopsies were taken in all the cases. Results: Most of the patients with lesions suggestive of HPV belonged to younger age group (21–30 years), and there was a significant increase in epithelial abnormalities with advancing age ( p < 0.05). Inflammatory smears were seen in 70 patients (35%); 40 patients (20%) reported as ASCUS were subjected to High Risk Capture II assay (for HPV 16, 18, 45, 56, 58) and high-risk HPV DNA was found in 20 (50%) of the patients. The sensitivity of cytology was only 61%, histopathology could detect 24 (12%) additional cases of dysplasia compared to cytology, indicating a low sensitivity of Pap smear. Colposcopy correlated well with histopathology with a comparatively high sensitivity (80%). Conclusion: We conclude that cytology will continue to be a major screening method for detection of cervical lesions due to its low cost and easy availability. We also conclude that HPV DNA testing is a very sensitive and highly reproducible test but cannot be used as a mass screening procedure due to its expensive nature and its inaccessibility to the common masses.
Authors and Affiliations
Farooq Ahmed Wani, Subhash Bhardwaj, Altaf Bandy
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP138027
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2015.13072014110
- Views 58
- Downloads 0
Synchronous endometrioid carcinoma of bilateral ovaries and uterus: A case report
Synchronous primary cancer of female genital tract is relatively uncommon; about 0.5–1.7% of women with gynecological malignancies have synchronous primary cancers of the female genital tract. Synchronous primary endomet...
Psychosocial reaction of diagnosing tuberculosis – An experience of tertiary care center of rural Gujarat
Background: In India Tuberculosis (TB) is the major public health problem. It is still been considered as social stigma by many people especially in rural areas. It is necessary to pay more attenti...
Evaluation of Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation program for adolescents in rural Pondicherry, India
Background: Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) program is a newly initiated program in Pondicherry. It was con sidered crucial to explore the compliance and “for and against” forces for it so as to fa...
Prevalence of dental caries among school-going children in South India Prevalence of dental caries among school-going children in South India
Background: Dental caries is the most prevalent disease among children in the global scenario. The prevalence pattern of dental caries varies not only with age, sex, socioeconomic status, race, geographical locati...
A study on knowledge about various aspects related to reproductive health among school going adolescent boys
Background: World Health Organization defines adolescence as the period of life between 10 - 19 years of age. In India they represent over 1/5th of total population. A large number of them aren’t aware about the knowledg...