Hypernatremia
Journal Title: Journal Of Pediatric Critical Care - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 6
Abstract
Total body water is distributed in the body as two-third in ICF and one-third in ECF which are divided by a cell membrane. ECF is further divided into effective arterial or plasma volume (25-30%) and interstitial volume (70-75%). Sodium is major solute in ECF and potassium in ICF. Total body sodium is determinant of arterial pressure and serum sodium is mainly responsible for plasma osmolality. Daily sodium requirement depends on size and age of the person. Dysnatremias are most common disorders seen in children. Hypernatremia (incidence 1-3%) is defined as plasma/serum sodium >145mEq/L and serum osmolality >295mosm/kg H2O and always associated with hypertonicity. Serum sodium is calculated by exchangeable serum sodium + exchangeable serum potassium/Total body water (TBW). Hypernatremia can only occur either due to gain in sodium or loss of water or combination of two.
Authors and Affiliations
Kundan Mittal, Lalitbhuasan Waghmare, Manish Sharma, Sachin Damake
Keywords
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- EP ID EP441463
- DOI 10.21304/2018.0506.00445
- Views 63
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