Hypertension, lipids and carbohydrate disorders among women in perimenopause – hormonal and pathophysiological aspects
Journal Title: Polish Journal of Public Health - Year 2010, Vol 120, Issue 4
Abstract
Perimenopause is a transitional period lasting approximately 5 years and preceding final menstrual menses. In other words, it is transition between reproductive age and menopause. It is the period directly before menopause when the first clinical, hormonal and biological symptoms of approaching final menses appear or the first year after menopause. Diseases which may appear during perimenopause are caused by metabolic and hormonal disturbances characteristic for this period. They are: hypertension, lipid and carbohydrate disorders, osteoporosis. The results of last studies give new insight into the role of the adipose tissue. This tissue is the highly hormonally active gland of internal secretion producing a number of biologically active peptides which can have local as well as systemic effects. Main cells adipose are adipocytes which secrete bioactive substances such as: leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin, omentin, adipsin, PAI-1, TNF-alfa, angiotensinogen, interleukin 6, lipoprotein lipase. Abdominal fat and adipose tissue increase are responsible for the development of insulin resistance. There are hormonal mechanisms regulating correlations between adipose and bone tissue. Osteoblasts show expression of receptors for ghrelin, which stimulates their proliferation and differentiation. Effects of ghrelin on bones are not known yet. It was stated that nocturnal ghrelin concentration correlates with BMD (bone mineral density) among women. The article describes the hormonal and pathophysiological aspects of disorders (hypertension, lipid and carbohydrate disorders, osteoporosis), which appear among women in perimenopause.
Authors and Affiliations
Elżbieta Mądro, Teresa Małecka-Massalska
Badanie HEPRO jako narzędzie opracowywania profilu zdrowia społeczności lokalnej w mieście stołecznym Warszawie
[b]Wstęp.[/b] Przystąpienie Polski do Unii Europejskiej otworzyło drogę do korzystania z pomocy materialnej w postaci funduszy strukturalnych. Od stopnia wykorzystania tych środków, zwłaszcza w sektorze zdrowia publiczne...
Causes of visits to outpatient pediatric clinic at University Children's Hospital of Lublin in 2004-2006
[b]Aim[/b]. The aim of the study was to analyze the structure of visits to the Outpatient Pediatric Clinic at the University Children’s Hospital of Lublin. [b]Material and methods[/b]. Seven main reasons for a visit to...
The significance of research in quality of life in medicine
The term “quality of life” is an expression existing in many scientific disciplines, such as: philosophy, psychology, sociology, economy and medicine. In medical aspect life quality is associated closely with physical, p...
Mechanism and effects of cyanobacterial hepatotoxin action on human organism
Eutrophication of waters and climate warming have created in the last decades favourable conditions for cyanobacteria colonization. The presence of cyanobacteria toxins in heavily polluted lake waters and fish ponds has...
The Perception of Changes in the National Health Service (NHS) Structure in Great Britain based on the example of front line staff
[b]Introduction. [/b]Significant structural changes are part of everyday life in the NHS. In 1948, when the Labour Party government created the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom, no one could foresee th...