Identification of Key Components of The Healthy Periodontium Microbiome That Protect Against Aggressive Periodontitis by Metagenomic Sequencing.
Journal Title: PARIPEX-Indian Journal of Research - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 5
Abstract
In contrast to chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis is not associated with bacterial hypercolonization of the periodontium. To investigate whether AP might be caused by a shift in the composition of the periodontal microbiome, it is necessary to compare microbial present in samples from healthy individuals and patients with the condition. We report use of metagenomic sequencing to accomplish this in strictly selected cohorts of five patients and five healthy individuals. 16S rDNA libraries were generated from DNA purified from subgingival samples and analyzed using Illuminametagenomic sequencing. A complex of putative periodontoprotective species was identified through statistical analysis (Prevotellanigrescens, Prevotellaoris, Prevotellatannerae, Veillonellaparvula, Streptococcus sanguinis, Kingellaoralis, Granulicatellaparadiacens and species of genera Corynebacterium and Bergeyella). Hypocolonization of the periodontium with these species should be considered as an important risk factor. Reduced presence of the protective species is likely to eliminate normal mechanisms of pathogen containment. The previously identified periodontal pathogen Porphyromonasgingivalis was not found to be associated with the condition. Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans, commonly acknowledged to be the periodontal pathogen with the greatest negative impact, was absent in all samples. This suggests that its clinical significance may be limited to a small proportion of severe cases. The status of Prevotella intermedia as a key periodontal pathogen was confirmed, while its closest taxonomic relative, P. nigrescens, was shown to be associated with periodontal health. Several species not previously linked to periodontal disease demonstrated a valid association with the condition (Synergistessynergistes, Parvimonasmicra, Mycoplasma hyosynoviae and Filifactoralocis). Overall, the results of this study add to our understanding periodontal microbiome shifts in aggressive periodontitis. The putative protective role of Veillonella and pathogenic roles of Synergistaceae, Filifactor, Ruminococcaceae, Mycoplasma and Parvimonas detected in our study provide rationale for their further investigation as potential therapeutic targets and/or diagnostic markers.
Authors and Affiliations
Zorina Oxana, Petrukhina Natalia, Shibaeva Anna, Basova Alexandra, Shevelev Aleksey
Keywords
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