Immunization coverage evaluation in a rural block of Haryana, India
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 5
Abstract
Abstract: An estimated 1.5 million children worldwide die each year of diseases that can be readily prevented by vaccines. In India, the latest NFHS-4 (2015-2016) revealed that 62 %children(63.9 % in urban and 62.3 % in rural ) aged 12-23 months were fully immunized. Still a lot of gap is there in immunization coverage in the country, especially considering the aim of UIP we still lag behind the target.The present study was conducted with aim of knowing the coverage of primary immunization of infants (12 months -23 months) & to know about the determinants related to immunization practices in a rural block of Haryana, India.A population based cross sectional study was conducted among 210 children aged (12-23 months) living in Lakhan Majra block of Rohtak district, Haryana during Nov & Dec 2016.30 X 7cluster sampling used by WHO for coverage evaluation surveys was used in our study as the sampling technique. The survey on immunization status was done in each selected cluster on 7 eligible children to find out the immunization coverage of the children living in that area. Collected data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages.Immunization card was available for 70.4 % of children.The overall BCG coverage found was 100 %, Pentavalent 100 % and OPV coverage 100% each and measles coverage was 90.5%. 89.5% of children were immunized timely with BCG (mean delay – 2.13 days, median delay – 10 days, range of delay – 2 to 113 days), 80.9% with three doses of Pentavalent and OPV (mean delay -4.47 days, median delay -15 days, range of delay – 2 to 124 days), 75.2% with measles vaccine (mean delay – 4.31 days, median delay – 30 days, range of delay – 14 to 74 days). 9.5% of children were partially immunized. Most common reason for partial immunization was “mother was too busy (60%)”followed by “unaware of need for immunization (10%)”, child ill not brought (10%), wrong notions on contraindications (10%).Though the immunization coverage was satisfactory quantitatively but qualitatively, there was delay in receipt of vaccines at the right time. Hence, the IEC activities have to be enhanced so that children are vaccinated in time as per immunization schedule and they get the maximum benefit of immunization. Keywords:Immunization, Cluster Sampling
Authors and Affiliations
B. M. Vashisht, Vikram. A, Himanshu Bhardwaj, Neeraj Pawar, Brijesh Kumar, Sangeeta . , Jai Parkash, Jyoti Kaushik
Keywords
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