Impacts of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases of Animals and Humans with Special Emphasis on Afghanistan: A Review
Journal Title: Journal of Natural Science Review - Year 2024, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Vectors are organisms that transmit pathogenic microorganisms among animals and humans. Infections transmitted by the bites of blood-sucking arthropods are called vector-borne diseases (VBDs). This review highlights the impacts of climate change on the distribution, seasonal variation, and socioeconomic effects of VBDs in affected countries, especially Afghanistan. There is good enough evidence indicating that recent climate change has affected the interaction of the vector-pathogen-host cycle in many parts of the world. The emergence and re-emergence of bluetongue virus (BTV), Rift Valley Fever (RVF), lumpy skin disease (LSD), West Nile Virus (WNV), and malaria in new areas previously considered free of the diseases, and shift of seasonal occurrence of many VBDs in endemic areas, are the clear examples of climate change impacts on VDBs. Although significant progress has been made regarding VBD surveillance systems, diagnostic capacity, vaccine development, and vector control programs in resource-rich countries, failure in adaptation programs and ineffective mitigation strategies against VBDs in developing countries, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Afghanistan facilitate widespread distribution of VBDs in these regions. Furthermore, developing drug resistance among the pathogens and their vectors makes the conditions more suitable for VBDs wide dispersion. Such situations cause severe health and socio-economic burdens to affected countries. Developing early-warning systems for detecting VBDs, identifying and developing resistant livestock species and breeds, and applying interceptive measures based on integrated research programs are crucial to effectively reduce the harmful impacts of VBDs on human and animal populations.
Authors and Affiliations
Assadullah Samadi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP736935
- DOI https://doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v2i1.35
- Views 47
- Downloads 1
Effect of Pure Corn Oil on Growth Performance of Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica)
In recent years, consecutive research has been conducted on the nutrient requirements of the quails to find an optimum and affordable legitimate growth promoter. Different types of vegetable oil have been tested so far....
Optimizing the Planting Date for Onion Production: Correlation Between Weather Conditions and Plant Growth, Yield, and Bulb Quality
This investigation was carried out during 2018 and 2019 at the research farm of the Agriculture Faculty of Kabul University, Afghanistan to study the correlation between weather conditions (maximum, minimum and mean temp...
A Study of entomopathogenic nematodes and their role in microbial control of pests
An essential part of managing insect pests is the use of entomopathogenic nematodes and in preventing environmental contamination. Their use has been increasing in recent years. So far, about 30 to 40 nematode families a...
Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Content in Ziziphus Jujuba Mill. Fruit Collected from Farah Province, Afghanistan
The fruit of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), a member of the Rhamnaceous family, is a valuable exporting dry fruit of Afghanistan. The plant is found in some provinces of the country, but Farah province produces it more....
Genetic Architecture of Body Fat Composition in Mice
Body fat composition is a quantitative measure of obesity, a major health concern in humans. Laboratory mice are considered an excellent model for dissecting the genetic basis of obesity due to the genetic variation pres...