In-vitro antibacterial evaluation of ethanolic stem crude extracts of anacardium occidentale linn. (anacardiaceae) on streptococcus mutans associated with dental caries
Journal Title: Scientific Journal of Microbiology - Year 2012, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
The preliminary phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale on Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries were determined using chemical, standard microbiological and agar disc diffusion techniques. The phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale revealed the presence of alkaloids (+++), phenolics (+++), saponins (+), tannins (++), flavonoids (++), phlobatanins (+), anthraquinones (+), terpenes (++), deoxy-sugar (++) and cardiac glycosides (+). The results showed that between 65.2% to 95.6% of S. mutans isolated were sensitive to different concentrations of ethanolic stem crude extracts of A. occidentale with Activity Index (A.I) ranging from 0.38 to 1.22. Ethanolic stem crude extracts of A. occidentale showed the highest mean zones of Inhibition (17.9 ± 1.3mm) at 50.0 mgml-1 and lowest inhibition diameter (6.5±1.5mm) at 12.5 mgml-1 on S. mutans, thus, exhibiting concentration dependent activity. The results show that S. mutans with code WD09 was resistant to Streptomycin, Amoxycillin, di-methyl sulphoxide and A. occidentale ethanolic stem crude extracts. Therefore, there is a need to consider the use of this potent ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale that have shown some measures of antimicrobial potency, judging by the antibacterial activity and activity index for developing synthetic drugs against dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans.
Authors and Affiliations
O. J. Akinjogunla*| Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B.1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State., I. T. Adenugba| Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1200, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State., O. M. Jumbo| Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B.1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP1143
- DOI -
- Views 600
- Downloads 58
Characterization and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Bacillus cereus isolates from fried soyabean cake in Zaria, Nigeria
A total of one hundred and fifty fried soyabean cake samples were collected from different vendors in various parts of Zaria, Kaduna state and were assessed for the presence of Bacillus cereus. 84 out of the total 150 we...
Characterization of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from washing and rinsed water of broilers in pluck shops at Sreepur of Gazipur district in Bangladesh
The study was aimed at characterization of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from washing and rinsed water of broilers in pluck shops at Sreepur of Gazipur district in Bangladesh. A total of 30 samples collected from th...
Screening of bacterial endophytes inhabiting Mimosa pudica L.
Research on endophytes is burgeoning immense importance since recent years with almost all plants harboring untold number of microorganism as endophytes. Endophytic plethora is reported to secrete unique novel metabolite...
Evaluation of possibilities of genotyping of Candida glabrata clinical isolates with RAPD-PCR method and microsatellite analysis
The aim of the study was to compare the discriminatory power of RAPD-PCR method using RSD10 primer and microsatellite (GACA)4 analysis for genotyping clinical isolates of C. glabrata. Isolates were received from patients...
Promotion and implementation of bioenergy for a better environment: A mini review
There is strong scientific evidence that the average temperature of the earth’s surface is rising and this may be attribute to increased concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atm...