In-vitro antibacterial evaluation of ethanolic stem crude extracts of anacardium occidentale linn. (anacardiaceae) on streptococcus mutans associated with dental caries
Journal Title: Scientific Journal of Microbiology - Year 2012, Vol 1, Issue 3
Abstract
The preliminary phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale on Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental caries were determined using chemical, standard microbiological and agar disc diffusion techniques. The phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale revealed the presence of alkaloids (+++), phenolics (+++), saponins (+), tannins (++), flavonoids (++), phlobatanins (+), anthraquinones (+), terpenes (++), deoxy-sugar (++) and cardiac glycosides (+). The results showed that between 65.2% to 95.6% of S. mutans isolated were sensitive to different concentrations of ethanolic stem crude extracts of A. occidentale with Activity Index (A.I) ranging from 0.38 to 1.22. Ethanolic stem crude extracts of A. occidentale showed the highest mean zones of Inhibition (17.9 ± 1.3mm) at 50.0 mgml-1 and lowest inhibition diameter (6.5±1.5mm) at 12.5 mgml-1 on S. mutans, thus, exhibiting concentration dependent activity. The results show that S. mutans with code WD09 was resistant to Streptomycin, Amoxycillin, di-methyl sulphoxide and A. occidentale ethanolic stem crude extracts. Therefore, there is a need to consider the use of this potent ethanolic stem crude extracts of Anacardium occidentale that have shown some measures of antimicrobial potency, judging by the antibacterial activity and activity index for developing synthetic drugs against dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans.
Authors and Affiliations
O. J. Akinjogunla*| Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B.1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State., I. T. Adenugba| Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1200, Ikot Osurua, Akwa Ibom State., O. M. Jumbo| Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Uyo, P.M.B.1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP1143
- DOI -
- Views 654
- Downloads 58
Evaluation of the microbiological quality of the environment in a laboratory of microbiology candidate to the accreditation
The microbiological quality of the environment of two laboratories of microbiological quality control of the agro alimentary products, the first candidate to the accreditation and the second not candidate to the accredit...
Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates from throat infected patients attending the national ear care centre, Kaduna
Throat infection has a tremendous impact on public health. It is one of the reasons for frequent visits to health care facilities. The present study was carried out to assess the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of...
Antimutagenic activity of rosmarinus officinalis L. by Ames test
Plants are an important source of substanceswhich are claimed to induce anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a medicinal plant that has many uses intraditional medicine. In th...
Screening of bacterial endophytes inhabiting Mimosa pudica L.
Research on endophytes is burgeoning immense importance since recent years with almost all plants harboring untold number of microorganism as endophytes. Endophytic plethora is reported to secrete unique novel metabolite...
Antibiogram of isolated bacteria from Omisanjana hand-dug well water and flowing stream
Water samples were obtained from ten (10) wells around Omisanjana stream, Ado-Ekiti to determine the microbiological and physicochemical quality. The samples were analyzed for the total bacterial and coliform count and t...