In vivo Anticoccidial and Antioxidant Activities of Psidium guajava Methanol Extract
Journal Title: European Journal of Medicinal Plants - Year 2017, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Coccidioses are the major parasitic diseases in poultry and other domestic animals including the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo anticoccidial and antioxidant activities of Psidium guajava methanol extract. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 domestic rabbits (60 days old and about 1.5-2 kg body weight) and free from coccidia infection were used. All groups except group 6 were infected with 1000 sporulated Eimeria intestinalis oocysts. Faecal samples were collected and examined starting on day one post-inoculation until Day 9 post-inoculation, during which oocysts appeared in faeces. For quantitative analysis or determination of the number of oocysts per gram (OPG) of faeces, the Mc Master technique was used. Serum was used for determination of biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and Glutathione using standardized diagnostic kits and a spectrophotometer. Results: The present study revealed that Psidium guajava has significant in vivo anticoccidial and antioxidant activities and can thus be used to protect tissue from oxidative stress. Oocyst counts in the group treated with 2% DMSO increased continuously from the initial count on Day 0 as opposed to treated groups. The highest oocyst count reduction rate was 95% in the group which received the standard anti-coccidial drug. Among the groups that received the plant extract, the highest oocyst reduction rate was 79.6% at a dose of 500 mg/kg and reduced in a dose-dependent manner to 66.1% (250 mg/kg) and then 56.2% (125 mg/kg). The result therefore showed a significant decrease in tissues and serum catalase and peroxidase, and a significant increase in NO, MDA and GLU levels in negative control animals. Treatment resulted in a significant normalization of the levels of the above markers when compared with the neutral control group. Conclusion: These results therefore provide confirmation to the usage of Psidium guajava against coccidioses by Agropastoral farmers in Cameroon.
Authors and Affiliations
Yamssi Cedric, Vincent Khan Payne, Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia, Norbert Kodjio, Etung Kollins, Megwi Leonelle, Jules-Roger Kuiate, Mpoame Mbida
Hepatoprotective Effects of Rubus idaeus L. Leaves against CCl4-Induced Liver Injury via Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Mechanisms
Aims: To investigate the hepatoprotective effects of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) leaves against oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Study Design and Methodolog...
Modulating Roles of Ethanolic Roots Extract of Crossopteryx febrifuga on Blood Glucose, Lipid Profile, Glycosylated Haemoglobin and Cytoarchitectural Changes on Pancreatic Beta Cells in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Aim: The study investigated the modulating roles of ethanolic roots extract of Crossopteryx febrifuga (CF) for its antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, glycosylated hemoglobin effects and cytoarchitectural changes on p...
Standardization of Amukkirai Chooranam, a Traditional Herbal Preparation in Siddha System of Medicine
Introduction: Amukkirai chooranam (A. chooranam) is an important traditional herbal preparation and its main component is the root powder of Withania somnifera Dunal (Solanaceae). It is the best remedy for rheumatism, we...
Effects of the Crude Water Extract of the Leaves of Morinda lucida on the Germination and Growth of Amaranthus spinosus and Amaranthus hybridus
The effect of crude leaf extract of Morinda lucida on germination and growth of Amaranthus spinosus and Amaranthus hybridus was studied. However, the aim was to use crude water extract from leave of M. lucida to germinat...
Cytotoxic Effect and Chemical Composition of Inula viscosa from Three Different Regions of Morocco
Aims: Worldwide, growing interest was given to find new cytotoxic agents that could be used in breast cancer treatment. In this context, we have planned to evaluate cytotoxic activity of Inula viscosa extracts, on two br...