Phytochemical Composition and Larvicidal Activity of Ocimum canum (L.) Essential Oil against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae)
Journal Title: European Journal of Medicinal Plants - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Malaria is a serious health problem in many countries of the world especially sub-Saharan African. Anopheles mosquito which is the vector of this disease has developed resistance against synthetic pyrethroids which are the main stay of insecticide treated bed nets. The development of insecticide resistance and side effects associated with synthetic pesticides has triggered intense research efforts towards natural products. Aim: This study aimed at investigating quality and quantity of phytochemical constituents of Ocimum canum leaf extract and determined larvicidal effect of essential oil component of this plant extract on 3rd instar larvae stage of Anopheles gambiae. Methods: The essential oil was extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger type apparatus. Standard methods previously described by other authors were used to determine the quality and quantity of phytochemical components of the plant and larvicidal bioassay method was used to determine the effect of essential oil of O. canum on the mosquito larva. Results: The analysis of the phytochemical revealed the presence of the following compounds: Tannin, phenol, saponin, trepenoid, alkaloid, steroid, and flavonoid, with the following quantities 22.14, 19.83, 14.08, 10.97, 8.16, 3.40 and 5.29 mg/g respectively. The mosquito larvicidal bioassay showed LC50 and LC90 values of 49.51 and 103.54×10-3 mg/ml respectively after 24 hours exposure to essential oil extract. Conclusion: The results obtained showed that the essential oil of O. canum is a promising mosquito larvicidal compound.
Authors and Affiliations
Shola K. Babatunde, Racheal M. Adedayo, Elizabeth A. Ajiboye, Sunday Ojo, Israel B. Ajuwon
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP349639
- DOI 10.9734/EJMP/2016/21673
- Views 102
- Downloads 0
Antibacterial Activity of Vitex negundo L. against a Multidrug Resistant Pathogenic Bacterium
Aims: The aim of this present study is to investigate antibacterial activity of extracts and/or essential oils of Vitex negundo L. leaves to an unknown pathogenic bacterium have been resistant to various groups of antibi...
Actions Underlying Antidiabetic Effects of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extracts in Animal Models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Aim: This study investigated mechanisms by which O. sanctum leaf extracts ameliorate hyperglycaemia using animal and cellular models of diabetes. Place and Duration of Study: Diabetes Research Laboratory, University of...
Cytotoxic Effect and Chemical Composition of Inula viscosa from Three Different Regions of Morocco
Aims: Worldwide, growing interest was given to find new cytotoxic agents that could be used in breast cancer treatment. In this context, we have planned to evaluate cytotoxic activity of Inula viscosa extracts, on two br...
Screening for Biological Activities of Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Arabic Palestinian Herbal Medicine
Aims: To evaluate eleven medicinal plants as natural sources that possess strong antidermatophytic, antibacterial, anticandidal and antioxidant substances with potential applications in therapeutics and food industry. Pl...
Genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae): A Review of Its Ethnomedicinal, Botanical, Chemical and Pharmacological Properties
Genus Kalanchoe comprises hundred species. Different extracts of these Kalanchoe species have been widely used in traditional medicine. Recently it has been reported that Kalanchoe extracts possess various biological act...