Infective endocarditis prevention prior to dental procedures
Journal Title: Journal of Stomatology (Czasopismo Stomatologiczne) - Year 2012, Vol 65, Issue 5
Abstract
Endocarditis is an inflammatory destructive-proliferating process caused by bacteria settling on heart valves or the endocardium. Bacteriemia leading to endocarditis may result from procedures carried out in the oral cavity such as: tooth extraction, periodontal procedures, root canal treatment, and scaling or tooth implantation. Prevalence of transient bacteriemia triggered by various dental procedures ranges from 8 to 100%. Daily activities in the oral cavity (brushing, mastication) may cause streptococcal bacteraemia, and the risk is thousand or million times higher than in the case of a single tooth extraction. The guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology from 2009 recommend to consider (class IIa) endocarditis prevention in the case of persons at high risk of endocarditis (valve prosthesis, past history of endocarditis, cyanotic congenital heart disease, fully or partially corrected, with palliative connections corrected surgically or percutaneously with the use of artificial material, 6 months after the procedure of residual defect in the place of artificial material implantation with surgical or percutaneous method) and only prior to dental procedures such as: tooth extraction, root canal treatment, periodontal procedures, scaling, tooth implantation. For prevention, 1 dose of antibiotic 30-60 minutes before dental procedure (in the case of patients without allergy to penicillin: amoxicillin, ampicillin or alternatively cefalexin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone) is used, and penicillin-allergic patients are recommended to use clindamycin.
Authors and Affiliations
Adam Chiżyński, Halina Pawlicka, Krzysztof Chiżyński
Keywords
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