Influences of Exogenous Pro- and Anti-oxidants on Aluminum-induced Behavioral Alterations in Elevated Plus Maze and Passive Avoidance Activity of Rats
Journal Title: Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences - Year 2015, Vol 3, Issue 5
Abstract
Abstract: Exposure to aluminum is always associated with oxidative stress, while, oxidant imbalance is a common observation for degenerative neuropathologies. Recently, oxidative stress and cognitive impairment were associated together for the neurodegenerative processes and age-related behavioral pathologies were linked with neuroglial oxidant homeostasis. This study is aimed to explore the implication of external oxidant interventions in the aluminum induced neurobehavioral toxicity to evaluate the role of oxidant balance in functional neurodegenerative changes. Male NIN-Wistar rats were exposed to aluminum (Al+) or vehicle (Al0) for 4 weeks. During the period of aluminum exposure, the animals were also exposed to ethanol (0.2-0.6 g/Kg bw) and -tocopherol (5 IU/day). After the completion of treatment protocol, their behaviors were evaluated with the help of elevated plus maze (EPM) and passive avoidance (PA) test. Time spent at different places, acquisition time (transfer latency), retention of memory for 24hrs and 48hrs were evaluated for the behavioral tests. All data were processed through two-way ANOVA with replication to find out the impact of aluminum treatment and oxidant imbalance. The differences between the groups were evaluated through Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test. Significant contribution of the interactions between aluminum and pro-oxidant exposure had been observed in terms of choosing closed arm and central area of EPM having prominent effects on 3rd day especially in higher group of pro-oxidant exposures, whereas, ethanol exposure alone could influence the time spent in open arm on day 3 without significant difference between Al0 and Al+ animals. Supplementation with antioxidant could prevent the observed impacts of highest dose of ethanol exposure. However, similar protection by antioxidant is not observed in PA. Significant contribution of aluminum was observed on the day 1 and interaction with pro-oxidant exposure was significant for step down latency for all the three trials. The behavioral alterations caused by aluminum in EPM study was found to be influenced by pro-oxidant exposures and could also be ameliorated by antioxidant supplementation. However, lone aluminum did not cause alterations in PA parameters and the observed alterations could only corrected partly by the used antioxidant supplementation. Therefore, the aluminum-induced behavioral alterations are depending on oxidant status and exogenous supplementation of -tocopherol can prevent the neurodegenerative changes, at least partially. Keywords: Aluminum, Oxidative stress, transfer latency, step down latency (SdT) and step through latency (StL).
Authors and Affiliations
Balasai Chaitanya TV, Prasunpriya Nayak
Keywords
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