Investigation into The First Anthrax Outbreak in A Cattle Farm in West Cameroon
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2019, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Zoonotic diseases such as anthrax are major public health threads with high effect due to their toxins. In Cameroon, sporadic cases were reported only in the northern part (North, Far-North and Adamaoua regions) of the country until in 2015 when a case was reported in a cattle farm in Bangangté (West region of Cameroon), causing the sudden death of 4 out of 100 animals in a herd. Laboratory investigation using PCR and Sanga sequencing indicated that the bacterial strains were like those found in the Northern parts of Cameroon and other parts of Central and West AfricaAnthrax is a major zoonotic, acute spore-forming bacterial disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. The bacterium produces extremely potent toxins which are responsible for the ill effects with high mortality rate (CDC 2011). Anthrax spores are extremely resistant and survive for years in soil, or on wool or hair of infected animals so that if ingested or inhaled, transfer by flies’ bites that have fed on an infected animal or carcass, or on entering through cuts in the skin, they can germinate and cause disease with possible death within 24 hours Barry et al. [1]. Human gets infected through indirect or direct contact by inhaling, touching, or ingesting Bacillus anthracis spores from meat of infected domestic or wildlife animal (OIE, 2008). The World Health Organization has estimated that 50 kg of B. anthracis released upwind of a population center of 500,000 could result in 95,000 deaths and 125,000 hospitalizations (WHO 2008). Subsequent to the 1979 Sverdlovsk incident, human cases were seen up to 4km from the source, but dead sheep were noted 64km downwind, and in villages between [2].
Authors and Affiliations
Abel Wade, Gaelle Kamdjo
Keywords
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- EP ID EP587555
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2019.16.002784
- Views 153
- Downloads 0
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