Abstract

Air conditioning systems have become widespread not only in industrialized countries, but also in emerging economies. The main consumers of these systems areChina, theUnited States, Latin America andEurope, and other continents. The volume of global demand for household and semi-industrial air-conditioners in 2015 alone amounted to approximately 101.8 million units. As a result of the use of air conditioning systems, a large amount of thermal energy, estimated in billions of MJ, is uselessly thrown into the environment. Therefore, the idea arose to analyze the possibility of using such an unconventional method as the accumulation of the thermal energy of the air conditioning system in the warm period with its subsequent use in the heating system during the heating season. As a heating system, a heat pump was adopted, as one of the most efficient alternative heating systems. Heat supply systems based on heat pumps are in most cases more efficient than from CHPPs and individual boilers. Heat pumps are widely used for heat supply of residential and administrative buildings in the developed countries of Europe, North America and other countries with similar climatic conditions toUkraine. As a battery, it was decided to use a displacement liquid water battery based on water. The use of such battery will significantly reduce the condensation temperature of the refrigerant in the air conditioner (from 80 ... 90 ° С to 45 ° С) and, accordingly, increase the refrigerating factor by more than 2 times. In turn, the use of a thermal battery will increase the initial temperature of evaporation of the refrigerant in the heat pump to 30 ° C, which will gradually decrease to 15 ° C and 4 ° C as the temperature of the water in the accumulator decreases. This will increase the energy conversion factor of the heat pump by 1.5 ... 2 times, depending on the heat load of the heating and the water temperature in the thermal battery. Thus, using the developed automated methodology for the building with an external volume of 1125 m3, it was analyzed and determined that the use of a heat accumulator in air conditioning and heat pump heating systems allows saving up to 39% of conventional fuel in comparison with the scheme without a thermal battery. In addition, the rational volume of the heat accumulator was determined from the conditions of the minimum sum of conventional fuel costs for the air conditioning system in the warm period and the system of heat pump heating in the heating period for medium heat loads.

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