Manifestations and Treatment of Ocular Coccidioidomycosis: A Review of Literature
Journal Title: Journal of Ophthalmology and Advance Research - Year 2025, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Purpose of Review: This review aims to summarize the epidemiology, manifestations and treatment of ocular coccidioidomycosis, a rare yet significant fungal infection that can severely impair vision. Recent Findings: “Recent” is misleading as cases of ocular Coccidioidomycosis are rare and not frequently reported. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Medline to identify case reports and retrospective reviews about the ocular manifestations of coccidioidomycosis. We identified 52 articles encompassing 63 case reports and collected data including age, gender, presentation, diagnosis, treatment, outcome and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) at presentation and after treatment. Articles reviewed spanned from 1948 through 2022. Summary: Average patient age was 38.7 years old, 60.3% of patients were male, 31.7% were female and gender was not disclosed 7.9% of cases. 19.0% patients had a disseminated Coccidioides infection and 4.8% of patients were immunocompromised at the time of infection. Clinical presentations of ocular coccidioidomycosis included scleritis, granulomatous lesions of the lid and retina, uveitis and endophthalmitis. 15.9% of patients progressed to enucleation. Climate change is correlated with an increased incidence of Coccidioides infections. Clinicians must maintain a high degree of suspicion for ocular coccidioidomycosis.
Authors and Affiliations
Nicholas A Chartrand1 , Muhammed Jaafar1 , Alexander R Shusko2
Keywords
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- EP ID EP758361
- DOI https://doi.org/10.46889/JOAR.2025.6102
- Views 34
- Downloads 0
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