МАСОВЕ ОПИТУВАННЯ ЯК ОСНОВНИЙ МЕТОД ДІАГНОСТУВАННЯ МОВНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ШКІЛЬНІЙ ОСВІТІ
Journal Title: Вісник Київського національного лінгвістичного університету. Серія Філологія - Year 2018, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction. The need to involve questions concerning quality and valuation parameters of linguistic situation in the material collection is caused by diglossic nature of bilingualism in schools in most parts of Ukraine, which is evident in the areas of the language use: Ukrainian in class, and Russian – during the breaks and after school activities. The language situation in a particular school, regardless of the status of language teaching, due to the configuration of the language situation in the region, which, however, is not included in statistical reports. That is shown in the survey carried out within the framework of Project No. 62700395 of the Volkswagen Foundation “Bi- and Multilingualism: between intensification and conflict resolution. Ethnolinguistic conflicts, linguistic politics and contact situations in post-Soviet Ukraine and Russia”, a system of questions was proposed concerning the real linguistic situation (perception of the linguistic environment, its assessment by the respondents) and its desirable development, that is, in the aspect of language policy in the field of education. Purpose. The paper focuses on the relevance of the language situation study in Ukrainian schooling using the mass poll methodology, due to mismatch of statistical data on the functioning of Ukrainian as the state language and the real facts of the language use in the secondary schools. Methods. The research is grounded on the methods of sociolinguistics, that is quantitative and qualitative analysis applying survey fieldwork and language boundary/difference perception. Results. The article specifies the sociolinguistic criteria on the basis of which the conclusion about changes in the linguistic situation in the field of school education in the period from 2006 to 2017 is made, in particular the dynamics of the regional differences and quantitative deformation inherited from the Soviet era in the “city – village” aspect are traced. In particular, questions aimed at data collection on the assessment of the society's linguistic situation in the field of education were thoroughly analyzed. These questions made it possible to trace changes in linguistic behavior of respondents depending on the sphere of communication. Comparison of responses in the regional dimension revealed the heterogeneity of the language situation in school education by region, and the analysis of the responses of different population centers residents allowed to trace trends in overcoming the unevenness of linguistic development in the state in the “city – village” aspect. Providing respondents with questions that envisaged the assessment of possible language policy in the field of school education, we sought to determine whether this assessment depends on the peculiarities of the linguistic situation in the region, how common the stereotypical representations about the desired language education are, or whether the general political situation in the state affects perception and an assessment of the linguistic environment of educational institutions by the speakers. A separate question dealt with the prospects of bilingual education in Ukraine. Conclusions. The compulsory comparison of the results of several sociolinguistic polls was emphasized to conclude on changes in the language guidelines for the desired perspectives of language education and language policy measures in the field of school education.
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