Mateusz Gralewski– the Polish exile to the Caucasus and his contribution to study on history, geography and etnography of the Caucasus
Journal Title: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Mateusz Gralewski – the Polish exile to the Caucasus and his contribution to study on history, geography and etnography of the Caucasus The first Polish descriptions of the Caucasus appeared in the eighteenth centurythanks to some accounts of emissaries or missionaries who travelled there. But in reality, until the nineteenth century the Caucasus remained rather unknown for Poles. The situation changed diametrically in the first half of the nineteenth century when tsar’s authorities began to sent to the Caucasus some Poles, earlier incorporating them by forceinto Russian troops which were there for occupation purpose. The process of obligatory incorporation Poles into Russian army constituted an act of punishment for Polish anti-Russian, patriotic movements, among which the most famous was “November Uprising 1830”. Among Poles, who were sent into exile to the Caucasus was a young patriot – Mateusz Gralewski. During his compulsory military service, which lasted twelve years, Gralewski was moving with his company to various Caucasian regions – from Dagestan, to Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ossetia. During his journeys he made notes concerning history of these regions, peoples living there, geography, customs and traditions which he observed in detail. As the result of his observations, in 1877 he published the book entitled “Kaukaz. Wspomnienia z dwunastoletniej niewoli” [“The Caucasus. Recollections from a twelve-year captivity”] which isstill waiting to be scholarly edited.
Authors and Affiliations
Ewa Siemieniec- Gołaś
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