MEASUREMENTS OF HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE, INTERCANTHAL DISTANCES, CANTHAL INDEX AND CIRCUMFERENCE INTERORBITAL INDEX OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN BAYELSA STATE IN NIGERIA.
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 8
Abstract
The study was carried out to determine standard values for head circumference, inner canthal distance, outer canthal distance, canthal index and circumference interorbital index of children and adolescents in the four ethnic groups of Bayelsa state, between the ages of 3-18 years. Measurements was done using a digital venier calliper, non – stretchable measuring tape and a ruler. Subjects were obtained from a randomly selected sample size of eight hundred and one (801) children, four hundred (400) males and four hundred and one (401) females. Mean value and standard deviation of Inner canthal distance (ICD) for males is 2.80±0.24cm while that for females is 2.75±0.32cm. Outer canthal distance (OCD) for males is 9.26±0.73cm while that for females is 9.15±0.68cm. Canthal index (CI) for males is 30.32±1.33cm while that for females is 30.01±1.07cm. Head circumference (HC) for males is 53.24±1.95cm while that for females is 52.42±1.98cm. Circumference interorbital index (CI-I) for males is 5.25±0.33cm while that for females is 5.25±0.53cm at P < 0.05. Statistical analysis using T-test showed that males had significantly higher values than the females in measured parameters (p<0.05) indicating that sexual dimorphism exist. There is also statistical significant difference in inner canthal distance, canthal index and circumference interorbital index among the various ethnic groups. The knowledge of these values are important because normal values of craniofacial dimensions are useful parameters in the evaluation and treatment of congenital or post traumatic deformities of the cephalic and facial regions such as telecanthus, occular hypotailorism and craniosynostosis.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Oladipo G. S.
Keywords
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