Mechanisms of Pharmaceutical Aerosol Deposition in the Respiratory Tract
Journal Title: AAPS PharmSciTech - Year 2014, Vol 15, Issue 3
Abstract
Aerosol delivery is noninvasive and is effective in much lower doses than required for oral administration. Currently, there are several types of therapeutic aerosol delivery systems, including the pressurized metered-dose inhaler, the dry powder inhaler, the medical nebulizer, the solution mist inhaler, and the nasal sprays. Both oral and nasal inhalation routes are used for the delivery of therapeutic aerosols. Following inhalation therapy, only a fraction of the dose reaches the expected target area. Knowledge of the amount of drug actually deposited is essential in designing the delivery system or devices to optimize the delivery efficiency to the targeted region of the respiratory tract. Aerosol deposition mechanisms in the human respiratory tract have been well studied. Prediction of pharmaceutical aerosol deposition using established lung deposition models has limited success primarily because they underestimated oropharyngeal deposition. Recent studies of oropharyngeal deposition of several drug delivery systems identify other factors associated with the delivery system that dominates the transport and deposition of the oropharyngeal region. Computational fluid dynamic simulation of the aerosol transport and deposition in the respiratory tract has provided important insight into these processes. Investigation of nasal spray deposition mechanisms is also discussed.
Authors and Affiliations
Yung Sung Cheng
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP682412
- DOI 10.1208/s12249-014-0092-0
- Views 77
- Downloads 0
Microparticles Containing Curcumin Solid Dispersion: Stability, Bioavailability and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
This work aimed at improving the solubility of curcumin by the preparation of spray-dried ternary solid dispersions containing Gelucire®50/13-Aerosil® and quantifying the resulting in vivo oral bioavailab...
Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics, and Biodistribution of Thermosensitive Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate Hydrogel Loaded with Docetaxel
Docetaxel (DTX) is a widely used anticancer drug for various solid tumors. However, its poor solubility in water and lack of specification are two limitations for clinical use. The aim of the study was to develop a therm...
Mechanisms of Pharmaceutical Aerosol Deposition in the Respiratory Tract
Aerosol delivery is noninvasive and is effective in much lower doses than required for oral administration. Currently, there are several types of therapeutic aerosol delivery systems, including the pressurized metered-do...
Fabrication and In Vitro/In Vivo Performance of Mucoadhesive Electrospun Nanofiber Mats Containing α-Mangostin
This study aimed to fabricate mucoadhesive electrospun nanofiber mats containing α-mangostin for the maintenance of oral hygiene and reduction of the bacterial growth that causes dental caries. Synthesized thiola...
Surface Acidity and Solid-State Compatibility of Excipients with an Acid-Sensitive API: Case Study of Atorvastatin Calcium
The online version of this article (doi:10.1208/s12249-014-0231-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.