MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF TYPICAL CHERNOZEM UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE
Journal Title: Naukovyi visnyk Chernivetskoho universytetu. Biolohiia (Biolohichni systemy) - Year 2014, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
The modern agricultural production requires transition to resource-ecological safety technologies which will contribute to recovery of biodiversity, reproduction of the soil fertility, improvement of the ecological state as a whole. As a way to solve these issues, it is proposed to reduce the mechanical load on the soil, which is the basis for the development of new technologies. The activity of the soil microbiota is sensitive to the changes in the anthropogenic load and therefore it could be used as an additional biodiagnostic indicator for assessment of the ecological condition of the soils. The purpose of our research was to define the changes in the microbiological activity of the typical chernozem using different tillage methods. The microbiological activity was calculated based on the enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, invertase) and cellulose destroying, nitrification and ammonification abilities of soil. When applying tillage minimization and zero tillage methods, the increase of the level of the dehydrogenase activity in 1,25; 1,6; 1,4 times respectively was observed in comparison with plowing. In general, after harvesting a decrease was observed in the activity of dehydrogenase at all the methods and at some of them by 51 % in comparison with the period of culture growth. Significant fluctuations of the invertase activity between tillage methods were not identified. The ammonification ability during the growing season was better at the method with cultivation. After the period of the active vegetation, the level of the ammonification ability decreases by 1,5 - 2,0 times. The highest nitrification ability was observed in the root zone for the method with cultivation, for plowing (the root zone) was 16% lower, for No-till and disking methods 33% and 48% respectively. Studying of the intensity of the cellulose decomposition allows to define the rate of decomposition of the plant residues, where a significant amount of fiber s concentrated. The cellulolytic activity of the winter rye during the growing season increased for methods with the cultivation and zero tillage. For all the methods after harvesting the winter rye, the increase of cellulolytic activity of the typical chernozem was determined both in the root zone and in the row middle, what is to be explained by the arrival of the plant residues to the soil. No significant difference between the methods is observed after harvesting. In order to describe the intensity and targeting of the microbiological processes in the soil as a whole, an integrated indicator of biological activity (IIBA) was calculated based on the received data of the enzymatic activity, and ammonification, nitrification, cellulose destroying capacity of the soil. In terms of integrated indicator of biological activity the best method was the one using plowing, this index was slightly lower for No-till method. When using the zero tillage, no violent fluctuations between the periods of soil selection are not observed, that is why a high activity and a stable functioning of the soil microbial cenosis during the growing season can be claimed.
Authors and Affiliations
Р. П. ВІЛЬНИЙ
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP244669
- DOI -
- Views 103
- Downloads 0
Distribution Iris hungarica Waldst. & Kit. (Iridaceae juss) in Chernivtsi region
The results of the study of special features of distribution of rare species Iris hungarica Waldst. & Kit, which inserted in Annex IIb Directive EU 92/43 / EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and species of natur...
АНАЛІЗ СИСТЕМАТИЧНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ ФЛОРИ ВОДНИХ ТА БОЛОТНИХ ЕКОСИСТЕМ ПОДІЛЛЯ
Здійснено структурно-порівняльний аналіз систематичної структури флори водних і болотних екосистем Поділля. Конспект досліджуваної флори нараховує 535 видів, що належать до 483 родів, 97 родин та 4 відділів. Проаналізова...
Effect of nutrient deprivation on the expression of pdgfc, pdgfra, and pdgfrb genes in u87 glioma cells depends on ern1 signaling enzyme function
Growth factors, which control angiogenesis, play an important role in malignant tumor progression. We studied the effect of glucose or glutamine deprivation conditions on the expression level of platelet derived growth f...
GENUS ALNUS (BETULACEAE) IN THE FLORA OF UKRAINE
The aim of this work is information about the genus Alnus Mill. on the flora of Ukraine generalized. Treatment based on herbarian materials, critical analysis of literature and the results of field expeditions in the Tra...
DIURNAL DYNAMICS OF THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PLATYNEREIS DUMERILII (POLYCHAETA) IN THE FOULING COMMUNITY OF THE ODESSA BAY, BLACK SEA
The daily dynamics of the quantitative parameters of Platynereis dumerilii (Audoin et Milne Edwards, 1834) in different phases of the Lunar cycle in the near-surface and near-bottom horizons of the Black Sea fouling comm...