Мікроморфологічна оцінка властивостей едафотопів терновникових ценозів (Prunus spinosa L.)
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2017, Vol 22, Issue 1
Abstract
In the present article the macromorphological, ecological and structural properties of edaphotopes that are a part of the blackthorn boscage (Prunus spinosa L.) environment were researched. A detailed analysis was given to the multifunctional qualities of a sloe cenosis (Prunus spinosa L.). In given article eco-micromorfologic characteristics and micromorfologic peculiarities of edaphotopes of thorny phytocenosis are considered. ¬¬Special attention is paid to the micromorfologic and ecologic features of blackthorns phytocenosis; as well as to the processes which happen during brushwoods biocenosis of blackthorn in the given circumstances. Special focus with subsequent scrutiny and description is on the micromorfologic structure of the given edaphotopes. Protection of the damaged lands is carried on with the help of action system for protecting blackearth, primarily by creation protective afforestation. As proved in theory and practice, interaction of forest phytocenosis with blackearth optimizes the environment, blocks the effect of dry eastern winds, turns the surface runoff of water into depth. Thus the research of eco-micromorfologic features of the influence of thorny phytocenosis on the formation of edaphotopes in conditions of the Ukraine steppe has considerable scientific and practical interest. It is determined by our experiments that during the thorny phytocenosis in the edaphotopes the zoogenic coprolite horizon is created, which has a capacity of 10–20 cm of upper soil layers. This horizon is fully laced by the passages of rain-worms and soil mesofauna, has a biogenic origin, which indicates the favorable environmental-transformating influence of the thorny phytocenosis on the final soils. The phytocenosis of thorns improves the forest site conditions significantly, mainly by the positive influence on the edaphotopes and serves as the preceding preparation for further afforestation. The analysis of price- and ecomorphic structure of the floristic composition of the thorny biogeocenosis in the south-eastern part of Ukraine indicates significant silvatasing of shrubby phytocenosis, resulting in increasing of the amount of species of herbaceous origin at the edge of the forest and meadow-steppe. Ecological-micromorphological researches of thorny edaphotopes and steppe biogeocenosis, formed under the conditions of south-eastern steppe area of Ukraine have been conducted and proved, that the given soils are characterized by high structure of all soil mass. In consequence of process of lessivage the cetanes are formed on the surface. Thorny biogeocenosis is formed in the conditions of south-eastern steppe area of Ukraine and createed fitogenic potusckles, where soils are wet as a result of additional moistening. The analysis of price- and ecomorphic structures of floristic composition of thorny biogeocenosis of south-eastern of Ukraine testifies the strong influencing of shrub fitocenosis from Prunus spinosa L. on steppe grass and its ecological value. As the effect of fitocenosis of blackthorn zone there are changes in composition of typical steppe grasses in the tendency to increase of stake of wood surrounding and meadow-steppe kinds. Physical and chemical descriptions of soils of thorny biogeocenosis and soils of standard steppe virgin soil are studied, they are affected by high general maintenance of organic matter and predominance of maintenance of humic and fulvic acids, characteristic of water is acrid due to the fact that boiling temperature rising because amount of carbonates goes down considerably. Destruction of thorn biogeocenosis, these unique oases is unacceptable. A detailed complex research and development of methods of protection of thorn biogeocenosis, restoration and rational using is an imperative challenge for the forest biogeocenosis. The thorn in the biogeocenosis have to be put into the Red Book of Ukraine. The necessity of guard of thorny biogeocenosis is set as historical monuments of forming of shrub and ravine groupings in the steppe. На основе микроморфологических исследований установлено влияние терновника (Prunus spinosa L.) на почву. Расматриваются экологические особенности эдафотопов под кустарниковыми ценозами терна. Основное внимание уделяется микроморфологическим особеноностям эдафотопов под кустарниковыми ценозами терна.
Authors and Affiliations
Булейко А. А. , Полєва Ю. Л. Buleyko A. A. , Polieva I. L.
Keywords
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