Mild Hypothermia Attenuates the Excitatory Amino Acids Overflow and Diminishes the Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity during Reperfusion after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2014, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Aims: Neurotransmitter overflow into the extracellular space and activation of nitric oxide synthase were implicated in neuronal death after cerebral ischemia. A small temperature reduction induced after the insult crucially mitigated the neuronal death. To elucidate the mechanisms, dopamine and glutamate as marker of excitatory amino acid (EAA) overflow and the citrulline/arginine ratio (CAR) as marker of nitric oxide synthase were analysed. Study Design: Animal experiments in rats. Place and Duration of the Study: Laboratory of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels between 2001 and 2003. Methodology: Striatal Glutamate and dopamine and CAR were measured by using microdialysis under normothermic and hypothermic conditions before asphyxial cardiac arrest, during the insult and resuscitation as well as during the weaning process from mechanical ventilation. Results: After the insult, the EAA overflow increased significantly in the normothermic group. In the hypothermic group, however this overflow was not significantly different from the sham group. The CAR increased up to 5-fold compared to the basal value in the normothermic group and only 2.5-fold in the hypothermic group. The brain damage was mitigated in the hypothermic group, while this increased further up 7 days after the insult in the normothermic group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia resides in attenuation of the striatal EAA overflow and diminution of the CAR and were associated with a reduction of brain damage at 24 hours and 7 days post insult.
Authors and Affiliations
S. Hachimi-Idrissi, T. Zgavc, I. Smolders, L. Huyghens, Y. Michotte
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP348529
- DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2014/3399
- Views 69
- Downloads 0
Moderately Increased Albuminuria; Marker of Chronic Complications in Nigerian Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients; Makurdi Perspective
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are on the increase especially in the developing countries with significant negative economic consequences on individuals, families and health systems. Objective:...
Can Right Heart Parameters of Runners Participating in High Altitude Race be Influenced by Training Altitude or Have Any Impact on Their Performances?
Objectives: This work was aimed at investigating, by means of ultrasonography, the influence of training altitudes on haemodynamic parameters of the right heart and the impact of these parameters on the performances of r...
Profile of Neurocognitive Impairment in Individuals Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus: Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
HIV and HCV are neurotrophic viruses with great potential to cause neurocognitive impairments (NCI). Yet, results of neuro studies among Coinfected individuals are still inconclusive. This study pooled estimates to defin...
Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP2C8 in A Healthy Iranian Population
Aim: The aims of this study were to genotype CYP2C8 in an Iranian population and compare their allelic frequencies with other ethnic groups. Study Site and Duration: Biotechnology Department, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan U...
Effects of Fluid Resuscitation on Testicular Damage in Severely Burned Rats
Background: Severe burns cause a wide range of complications that challenge care in the short term and often leaves long term sequelae in survivors. Research evidence suggests that burns can affect testosterone secretion...