Mild Hypothermia Attenuates the Excitatory Amino Acids Overflow and Diminishes the Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity during Reperfusion after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2014, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
Aims: Neurotransmitter overflow into the extracellular space and activation of nitric oxide synthase were implicated in neuronal death after cerebral ischemia. A small temperature reduction induced after the insult crucially mitigated the neuronal death. To elucidate the mechanisms, dopamine and glutamate as marker of excitatory amino acid (EAA) overflow and the citrulline/arginine ratio (CAR) as marker of nitric oxide synthase were analysed. Study Design: Animal experiments in rats. Place and Duration of the Study: Laboratory of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels between 2001 and 2003. Methodology: Striatal Glutamate and dopamine and CAR were measured by using microdialysis under normothermic and hypothermic conditions before asphyxial cardiac arrest, during the insult and resuscitation as well as during the weaning process from mechanical ventilation. Results: After the insult, the EAA overflow increased significantly in the normothermic group. In the hypothermic group, however this overflow was not significantly different from the sham group. The CAR increased up to 5-fold compared to the basal value in the normothermic group and only 2.5-fold in the hypothermic group. The brain damage was mitigated in the hypothermic group, while this increased further up 7 days after the insult in the normothermic group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia resides in attenuation of the striatal EAA overflow and diminution of the CAR and were associated with a reduction of brain damage at 24 hours and 7 days post insult.
Authors and Affiliations
S. Hachimi-Idrissi, T. Zgavc, I. Smolders, L. Huyghens, Y. Michotte
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP348529
- DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2014/3399
- Views 80
- Downloads 0
Peri-apical Sinus, A Leading Edge of Gorlin–Goltz Syndrome: Case Report
Gorlin–Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, with mutations in the patched tumor suppressor gene (PTCH1) leading to a wide range of developmental anomalies and neoplasms of cutaneous, dental, osseous, ophthal...
Subclinical Oral Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Systematic Review of the Literature and an Additional Case
Introduction: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ), which has few studies despite the increase in the number of cases published in the literature in the last decade, is a rare complication related to t...
MicroRNA-21 as a Potential Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis: A Meta-analysis
Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) occupies an important position in the morbidity and mortality constitution of malignancies. In recent years, mounting literature has reported about the upregulating expression of microRNA-21...
Effects of Body Mass Index and Age on Prostate Specific Antigen: A Study on Men Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana
Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is useful in the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. Aims: Our study sought to establish possible effect of age and BMI on serum PSA levels in Ghanaian men with genitourinary...
Experiences of Parents of Children with Burn Injuries in a Tanzanian Referral Hospital: A Qualitative Consideration
Aims: Burns injuries are the most common causes of physical and psychological trauma in both children and parents globally. It is characterized by prolonged hospitalization, as well as reduced productivity of parents due...