MODERN TAKE-OFF POWER DIAGNOSTICS
Journal Title: Sport Mont - Year 2008, Vol 0, Issue 15
Abstract
Ta ke-off po wer is one of the main bi o mo tor abi li ti es for pre dic ting the re sults of many sport di sci pli nes. It plays a par ti cu larly im por tant ro le in mo tor si tu a ti ons when the ta ke-off po wer is com bi ned with the ve lo city of mo ve ment. The co re aim of this study was to esta blish and analyse the fun da men tal ki ne ma tic, dyna mic and elec tromyographic pa ra me ters which ge ne ra te the re sults of se lec ted ta ke-off po wer tests. The ex pe rimen tal pro ce du re in vol ved two eli te fe ma le tri ple jum pers. Ac cor ding to Bo sco’s pro to col the fol lo wing tests we re se lec ted: squ at jump, co un ter mo ve ment jump and drop jump – 25 cm. The fol lo wing we re analysed: jump he ight, ta ke-off ti me, fl ight ti me, ta ke-off ve lo city, ma xi mum ta ke-off for ce, an gle ve lo city of the an kle, knee and hip jo ints, for ce im pul se and du ra tion of the ec cen tric and con cen tric pha ses of ta ke-off. The 3D-ki ne matic analysis of jumps was ba sed on a system of ni ne SMART-e 600 vi deo-ca me ras (BTS Bi o en gi ne e ring), with a 60 Hz fre qu ency and a 768 x 576 pi xel re so lu tion. The ki ne ma tic pa ra me ters we re pro ces sed using the BTS SMART Su i te pro gram me. Dyna mic pa ra meters we re esta blis hed by me ans of two se pa ra te for ce-plat forms, na mely Ki stler, Type 9286A. The analysis of the elec tromyograp hic ac ti vity (EMG) of the fol lo wing mu scles: m. erec tor spi nae, m. glu te us ma xi mus, m. rec tus fe mo ris, m. vas tus me di a lis, m. vas tus la te ra lis, m. bi ceps fe mo ris, m. ti bi a lis an te ri or and m. ga stroc ne mi us me di a lis was made using a 16-chan nel elec tromyograph (BTS Poc ket EMG, MYOLAB). The re se arch sho wed that the jump he ight (h) as a cri te rion of ex plo si ve po wer was ge ne ra ted by: the ve lo city of ta ke-off, fl ight ti me, for ce im pul se in the con cen tric pha se and op ti mal knee jo int an gle. The analysis of the EMG ac ti va tion in ver ti cal jumps sho wed the pro xi maldis tal prin ci ple of mu scle ac ti va tion. In the fi rst pha se of the ta ke-off ac tion, the trunk ex ten sors (m. erec tor spi nae) and hip ex ten sors (m. glu te us ma xi mus) are ac ti va ted. In the se cond pha se, the ta ke-off ef fi cacy is ge ne ra ted by the knee ex ten sors (m. rec tus fe moris, m. vas tus me di a lis) and, in the fi nal pha se, the plan tar fl e xors of the an kle jo int (m. ga stroc ne mi us me di a lis) are ac ti va ted.
Authors and Affiliations
Milan Čoh
Keywords
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