Modulation of NF-кB transcription factor activation by Molluscum contagiosum virus proteins
Journal Title: Advances in Hygiene and Experimental Medicine - Year 2014, Vol 68, Issue
Abstract
Molluscum contagiosum virus is a human and animal dermatotropic pathogen, which causes a severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. MCV belongs to the Poxviridae family whose members exert immunomodulatory effects on the host antiviral response. Poxviruses interfere with cell signaling pathways that lead to the activation of nuclear factor кB, a pleiotropic transcription factor which is crucial for regulation of the immune response, the cell cycle and apoptosis. In resting cells, NF-κB is present in the cytoplasm, where it is associated with inhibitor κB. Upon stimulation by activators, such as proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial or viral products, the inhibitory protein undergoes phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation. NF-κB, in turn, translocates to the nucleus, where it regulates the transcription of various genes that are essential for processes mentioned above. Since poxviruses replicate exclusively in the cell cytoplasm, NF-кB became a good target for poxviral immunomodulation. MCV encodes various proteins which interfere with the signaling pathways that lead to the activation of NF-κB. Ligand inhibitor encoded by MCV, MC54, binds interleukin-18 and inhibits interferon-γ production. Other MCV proteins, MC159 and MC160, belong to intracellular inhibitors of NF-κB and are members of viral FLICE-inhibitory proteins (vFLIPs). MC159 protein encoded by MCV was shown to inhibit apoptosis of virus-infected cells. Such interactions serve immune evasion and are responsible for the persistence of MCV.
Authors and Affiliations
Justyna Struzik, Lidia Szulc-Dąbrowska, Marek Niemiałtowski
Polimorfizm pojedynczych nukleotydów u pacjentów chorych na raka płuca a leczenie cisplatyną
Rak płuca na całym świecie zajmuje pierwsze miejsce pod względem umieralności z powodu nowotworów. Ponad 80% wszystkich przypadków raka płuca stanowi niedrobnokomórkowy rak płuca (NSCLC, NDRP). Mimo rozwoju i udoskonalan...
Menopauza, otyłość a stan kośćca
Dotychczasowe badania wskazują, że otyłość nie jest czynnikiem ryzyka osteoporozy. Zwiększenie masy tłuszczu ustrojowego, może mieć znaczenie zapobiegawcze przed utratą masy kostnej po menopauzie. Przyjmuje się, że korzy...
Wpływ hemodializy na białka cytoszkieletu błon erytrocytarnych
Radiation hygiene in interventional radiology suite
Exposure of both patients and medical staff to relatively high doses of radiation is one of the features characteristic of interventional radiology (IR). Regulations regarding this kind of therapeutic management can be f...
Second code, or what determines actively transcribed regions and replication origins
Although each cell of a complex organism is governed by the same genome, cells which form different tissues vary in epigenetic codes that are responsible for various gene expression. These codes, through their influence...