MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF THE CORACO-ACROMIAL LIGAMENT: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Journal Title: International Journal of Anatomy and Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: The coraco-acromial ligament forms coraco-acromial arch along with acromion and coracoid process of scapula which prevent the superior humeral head displacement. It plays a key role in the pathoetiology of sub-acromial impingement syndrome when there are no significant bony abnormalities. Material and Methods: In the present study we have studied 120 formalin preserved upper limbs (right: 60; left: 60) of unknown age and sex. Each shoulder was dissected carefully to see coraco-acromial ligament. The CAL was identified with careful blunt dissection to prevent overlooking any thinner bands. We observed the number of bands present and shape of the ligament. Photographs were taken. Results: Different morphological subtypes of coraco-acromial ligament were observed and classified according to Kesmezacar et al. Type II (28.33 %) was the most common then type I (25 %), type IV (17.5 %), type V (15 %), type III (11.66%). Anterolateral band of ligament extended antero-laterally to form coracoacromial falx in 51%. Discussion: Coraco-acromial ligament shows different morphological variations in Indian population. Knowledge of morphological variations of coraco-acromial ligament will be helpful for orthopedic surgeon for clinical and intraoperative decision while dealing with sub-acromial impingement syndrome.
VARIATIONS IN FORMATION AND TERMINATION OF AZYGOS VEIN IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Objectives: To study the variations in formation, termination and its level of azygos vein in embalmed human cadavers. Materials and Methods: The present study sample comprised of thorax of 50 embalmed human cadavers irr...
DETERMINATION OF AGE BY HUMAN STERNUM
Background: Examination of any bone is important for identification of deceased and estimation of age. The present work is an attempt to study the sternum in the purview of existing parameters of the determination of age...
HUMAN SPLEEN-A STUDY OF ITS MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS
Background: Spleen is a large encapsulated mass of vascular and lymphoid tissue. Clinically, study of spleen is important in immunological and haematological disorders. The purpose of the study is to analyse the morpholo...
LIFE WITHOUT LIMBS: TETRA-AMELIA
Amelia is defined as the complete absence of the skeletal parts of a limb. Tetra- amelia, is the absence of all the four limbs is a very rare condition with an incidence range of 1.5–4/100,000 births. Many factors causin...
COMPARATIVE ANTHROPOMETRY BETWEEN SICKLING AND NONSICKLING INDIVIDUALS OF LOCAL POPULATION OF RAIPUR CITY OF CHHATTISGARH BY MEASURING BODY WEIGHT AND HEAD BREADTH
Introduction: Studies on child growth and development have always occupied an important position in the scientific research curriculum and are of interest to the researchers of both Medical Science and Physical Anthropol...