MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF THE CORACO-ACROMIAL LIGAMENT: A CADAVERIC STUDY
Journal Title: International Journal of Anatomy and Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: The coraco-acromial ligament forms coraco-acromial arch along with acromion and coracoid process of scapula which prevent the superior humeral head displacement. It plays a key role in the pathoetiology of sub-acromial impingement syndrome when there are no significant bony abnormalities. Material and Methods: In the present study we have studied 120 formalin preserved upper limbs (right: 60; left: 60) of unknown age and sex. Each shoulder was dissected carefully to see coraco-acromial ligament. The CAL was identified with careful blunt dissection to prevent overlooking any thinner bands. We observed the number of bands present and shape of the ligament. Photographs were taken. Results: Different morphological subtypes of coraco-acromial ligament were observed and classified according to Kesmezacar et al. Type II (28.33 %) was the most common then type I (25 %), type IV (17.5 %), type V (15 %), type III (11.66%). Anterolateral band of ligament extended antero-laterally to form coracoacromial falx in 51%. Discussion: Coraco-acromial ligament shows different morphological variations in Indian population. Knowledge of morphological variations of coraco-acromial ligament will be helpful for orthopedic surgeon for clinical and intraoperative decision while dealing with sub-acromial impingement syndrome.
ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE HUMAN THORACIC DUCT
Background and Aims: The thoracic duct is the major lymphatic duct in the human body, the variations in the origin, course and termination of the thoracic duct are of great clinical importance during surgeries related to...
ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF VERMIFORM APPENDIX IN GUJARAT
Background: Head of appendix can be placed in different situations but the base of appendix is connected to the cecum. The variation in the situations is classified into six locations: retrocecal, pelvic, subcecal, parai...
AGENESIS OF ISTHMUS OF THYROID GLAND: A RARE CASE REPORT IN AN ADULT MALE CADAVER
Introduction: The thyroid gland is a highly vascular endocrine gland. The congenital anomalies of thyroid gland includes thyroglossal cyst, ectopic thyroid tissue and rarely agenesis of one of the lobes or isthmus of thy...
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF BODY AND VERTEBRAL CANAL OF THORACIC VERTEBRAE & ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Introduction: Accurate anatomical descriptions of the size, shape and orientation of the main structures of the human vertebrae and intervertebral discs are necessary for a variety of approaches and objectives such as th...
A MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE SHAPE, POSITION, NUMBER AND SIZE OF MENTAL FORAMEN IN DRY HUMAN MANDIBLES
Aim: To provide morphometrical information on the shape, position, number and size of mental foramen in dry human mandibles. The knowledge on the anatomy of mental foramen is very important in clinical dentistry, surgica...