Natural Killer Cells: From Bone Marrow to Cytotoxic Cells
Journal Title: Open Access Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2020, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphoid cells, having central effector functions in immune system without previous sensitization. These cells are related to innate lymphoid cells which are characterized by lymphoid cell morphology with missing antigenspecific receptors. NK cells are defined by lack of expression of CD3 and expression of CD56 (CD3-CD56+). Based on the expression of CD56, human NK cells are classified into two main populations: CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells. Functionally, CD56bright subset is characterized by higher capacity to produce cytokines following activation but has lower cytotoxicity. On the contrary, CD56dim NK cells are more cytotoxic and express higher levels of maturation markers. NK cells have effective cytotoxic activity against virus-infected cells and tumors, and their effector functions are regulated by multiple activating and inhibitory receptors. The activated NK cells are able to kill their target cells in apoptosis process by different mechanisms, including cytolytic granule-dependent exocytosis pathway, death receptor pathway, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and the release of cytokines. This review will focus on NK cell differentiation, NK cell receptors as well as their ligands and their role in immune responses. In addition, we will summarize the pathways involved in NK cell effector functions.
Authors and Affiliations
Mohammed Taha*
Caves, the Mysterious World of Microorganisms
The unique structures of the remote caves, and the microorganism creatures living in this extreme dark environment should be investigated as an exceptional source for several new products and knowledge. Microorganisms o...
Fabrication and Evaluation of Non-Medicated Jellies of Carrot, Beetroot and Papaya
The current study is conducted for processing of jelly from carrot, beet root and papaya juices at different stages of extraction. Sensory attributes and storage studies of the jellies were also evaluated. The fresh and...
A Review on Plants having Anti Inflammatory Activity
Inflammation is a healthy process of body resulting from some disturbance or diseases. Traditional plants play a very important role in the discovery of new drugs and less adverse effects. Plants have played an importan...
Assessment of Pharmacist Awareness Knowledge and Attitude of Fluranizine in Rafha Saudi Arabia
Objective: This research was aimed to provide a platform for conducting assessment of knowledge and attitude of the pharmacist in Rafha city, Saudi Arabia about Flunarizine. Methods: A cross-sectional research design in...
Perceived Satisfaction of Public Health Facilities’ with the Quality of Logistics Service Provided by Pharmaceutical Fund and Supply Agency Bahirdar Hub, Northwest Ethiopia: Descriptive Study
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction of public health facilities in the quality of logistics services received from the Pharmaceutical Fund and Supply Agency Bahirdar hub. Methodology: A descriptive re...