Characterization, Classification and Standardization of Fly Ash of Kosovo Lignite-Fired Power Stations as Industrial Construction Product
Journal Title: International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) - Year 2013, Vol 3, Issue 5
Abstract
Kosovo generates around 6000 GWh of electrical energy annually. Over 97% of this is produced by lignite-fired power-plants and less than 3% by hydro-plants. The lignite combustion, around 8 Mt/a, besides the emission of gases, produces a residue ash, fly ash and bottom ash. Since the first operation of power-plants in 1962 up to now, this ash was removed and stockpiled as a waste without utilization, which presents a great threat as pollutant for people and environment. It is a fact that many countries utilize their fly ash as cement substitute in concrete production and/or as additive in concrete for achieving specific properties in construction sector; as fill material in road construction; industry as filler etc. But in Kosovo, the Fly ash is literally only a waste. In the world, the cement is the second most consumed substance after water, and its production emits around 5% of CO2 globally; from 900 kgCO2/t- 935 kgCO2/t of cement. The results show that for 1kg of cement substituted by 1kg fly ash, we will have 1kg less CO2 in atmosphere, i.e. less green house gases, less global warming. The core part of this paper is to classify the Kosovo fly ash based on its chemical and mineralogical analyzes, and standardize this waste to an industrial product conform international standards, specifically European and American standards. If we standardize this waste to a construction product, then the utilization of Fly ash from Kosovo TPP would be of a great importance environmentally and economically.
Authors and Affiliations
Mevlan Qafleshi, Lulezime Aliko
Keywords
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