Clinical manifestations, diagnosis,and treatment of Melioidosis
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
Meliodosis is endemic in Southeast Asia,northern Australia, and Brazil. Northeast Thailand has the highest incidence of melioidosis. Septicemic meliodosis has high mortality,87% in Thailand,75%in EastMalaysia,39% in Singapore and 19% in Australia. Localised melioidosis has lower mortality. Burkholderiapseudomallei is found in soil and water,a history to contact with soil or surface water almost invariable withmelioidosis. Diabetes mellitus, renal failure,thalassemia,haematological conditions, malignancy,steroidstherapy,alcoholism and penetrating injury are the main risk factors.Clinical spectrum of melioidosis,being thefulminant end of clinical manifestation, with abscesses throughout both lungs and in many organs.Ashdown’smedium containing gentamicin, is a selective medium for growth of B.pseudomalleui. Antibiotics of choiceinclude, ceftazidime, imipenem for initial intensive intravenous therapy for 10 to 14 days,sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprimand doxycycline for eradication therapy for minimum 3 months.Septicemic melioidosis has highmortality, high clinical suspicion is required, and appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy should be institutedfor a better outcome
Authors and Affiliations
Murtaza Mustafa1 Joseph, Balingi2 ,Jayaram Menon3 , Fredie Robinson4,MS. Rahman5
Keywords
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