Oral Health and its Association with Cardiovascular Disease
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
ardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for 29% of deaths worldwide, and CVD contributes 39% of deaths annually in the United States. There is a link between oral health and cardiovascular disease. Recently concern about possible links concern periodontal disease(PD) and atherosclerotic vascular disease(ASVD).Pro inflammatory mediators, such as C-reactive(CRP),interleukin-6,fibrogen,von Willebrand factor, and serum amyloid A have been shown to be elevated in patients with PD. Exposure to infections like PD have been postulated to perpetuate inflammatory events in the atherogenesis. The pathways that link between CVD and PD include direct bacterial effect on platelets, autoimmune responses, uptake of bacteria in endothelial cells and macrophages, and endocrine-like effects of pro-inflammatory mediators. Tooth scaling was associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Oral health of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was worse than oral health of patients without CVD. Over 700 bacterial species from the oral cavity have been identified. S.mutans and A.actinomycetemcomitans are important pathogens associated with periodontitis. Clinicians and the patients should be aware of potential benefits of periodontal interventions
Authors and Affiliations
Murtaza Mustafa1 , Y. Rusmizan 2 , M. Phanindranath3 , MS. Rahman4 , MM. Sien5, N. ootha6
Keywords
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