COMPARISON OF ROLE OF IVP AND USG IN EVALUATING URETERIC CALCULI DISEASE
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 58
Abstract
The incidence of urolithiasis varies according to geographic area, age, and sex distribution. 1 Various studies have shown that in economically developed countries the prevalence rate ranged between 4% and 20%. Urolithiasis may affect up to 10% of the population over the course of a lifetime. In India, upper and lower urinary tract stones occur frequently, but the incidence shows wide regional variation. Smaller stones (Up to 5 mm) may cause severe symptoms such as flank pain and nausea, but pass without intervention. Though, they may need supportive care, but larger stones need intervention. Surgery has been used to remove stones (Lithotomy) or to break them all into small pieces (Lithotripsy) since antiquity. Twenty five years ago, open surgery was the sole form of therapy for urolithiasis, but now endourology is the surgical treatment of choice. 2 URETERIC JET When the bolus of urine being transmitted through the ureter reaches the terminal portion. It is ejected forcefully into the bladder through the Vesicoureteric Junction (VUJ). This creates a jet of urine that can be seen within the urinary bladder during cystoscopy and grey-scale Ultrasonography (US). Urine secreted from the renal glomeruli is excreted into the upper urinary tract including the collecting system, calyces-pelvis system, and ureter. Although, the precise mechanism of urine drainage through the whole system remains somewhat contentious. The trigger of ureteric jets is undoubtedly the pumping effect of calyceal peristalsis. 3 The latter comprises an autonomic and rhythmic minor calyceal peristalsis and a pressure-dependent major calyceal peristalsis, and the pressure of the major calyces comes from the resistance of the intrinsic tone of the upper ureter to the urine draining in the renal pelvic volume and tone and the rate of urine inflow. 4 Continuous discrete boluses of urine drainage into the ureter from pelvis, then fill the ureter, and finally, a ureteric jet is produced after the ureter is wholly filled throughout the autonomic, myogenic, ureteral peristalses. 5
Authors and Affiliations
Rajesh , Sayal
Keywords
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- EP ID EP164785
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2016/923
- Views 88
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