Cutaneous Tuberculosis – A Profile of Cases 3 Years Cross Sectional Study
Journal Title: Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is an ancient disease knownsince pre-historic times and remains important infectiousdisease today in terms of morbidity, mortality andeconomic impact. Cutaneous tuberculosis makes up asmall proportion (1.5%) of all cases of extra pulmonarytuberculosis. In a recent study from India casesof cutaneous tuberculosis make upto 0.15% of all skinoutpatients. Irrespective of immunodeficiency status,cutaneous tuberculosis still contributes markedly inmorbidity of developing countries and it remains at timesa diagnostic challenge in dermatology clinic due to itsvaried clinical manifestations and variedhistomorphology, hence proper clinical managementwith assisted histopathological diagnosis, the morbiditycan be reduced. Aim and Objective: To study clinicaland morphological variants of cutaneous tuberculosiswith age and sex distribution. Materials and Methods:3 years prospective study was done in the Departmentof Pathology, Shri Nijilingappa Medical College,Bagalkot from 2009 to 2011. Total 267 skin biopsieswere received in the histopathology section. Thebiopsy tissue was processed as per routine procedureand stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stains andspecial stains (ZN with 20% H2SO4). Microscopic featureswere studied and diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosismade with sub typing and clinical co-relation.Results: Out of 267 skin biopsies, 37 were diagnosedas cutaneous tuberculosis based on clinical examinationand morphology, Lupus vulgaris (62.16%) was acommonest variant affecting males (64.86%) predominantly.Most frequent age group affected was 21-40years (59.45%). Face and neck were the usual sitesfor manifestation. Forty one percent of cases weremantoux test positive. All cases were HIV negativeand free from active pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion:Lupus vulgaris remains most frequent form ofcutaneous tuberculosis in dermatopathology irrespectiveof HIV status. Strong clinical suspicion, histopathologicalstudy and response to anti-tuberculosis treatmentare sufficient for diagnosis and thus reducing themorbidity and mortality.
Authors and Affiliations
Anita P Javalgi , Balchandra Ankad , Vijay D Dombale
Keywords
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