EARLY DETECTION OF COPD IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS USING SPIROMETRY

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 EARLY DETECTION OF COPD IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS USING SPIROMETRY

Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 37

Abstract

 BACKGROUND COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is now ranked sixth among the leading cause of death worldwide according to 1990 world burden of disease study. Among various causes of COPD tobacco smoking is leading cause. Smokers seek physician’s attention only when they develop mild to moderate exertional dyspnoea by the time 50% of their ventilatory reserves lost. This loss is also irreversible. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose COPD incidence earlier in smokers, so that measures such as smoking cessation can be initiated at appropriate time and save the ventilatory capacity in smokers. This study is done to detect COPD earlier in south Indian smokers and to analyse the association of age of onset, duration, pack years and severity of disease according to GOLD criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a prospective descriptive cross sectional study done in 174 male smokers. They were subjected to spirometry. The predicted and measured values of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF 25-75 were recorded. The data were analysed as per GOLD criteria and the subjects classified as mild, moderate, severe and very severe air flow obstruction using statistical test. RESULTS FVC has got significant negative correlation coefficient (p 0.001) with FEV1/FVC ratio. FEV1 has got significant positive correlation coefficient (p 0.001) with FEV1/FVC. 19/174 had mild and 12/174 had moderate obstruction pattern. All the participants with obstructive spirometry are asymptomatic during study. Airflow limitation with FEV1/FVC ratio <70 was noted in 17.816% (n=31). FEV1/FVC has significant positive correlation with FEV1 and significant negative correlation with Smoking Index and FVC. CONCLUSION 61.29% of asymptomatic smokers had mild COPD and 38.7% had moderate COPD as per GOLD guidelines. The FEV1/FVC ratio as a screening tool to detect the presence of COPD in asymptomatic smokers is established.

Authors and Affiliations

Natesan Senthilnathan, Thiruvengadam , Lakshminarayanan , Mahalakshmi

Keywords

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EP ID EP159600
DOI 10.14260/jemds/2016/508
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