EFFECTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY OF PERIODONTITIS - AN OVERVIEW OF DENTAL/PERIODONTAL CHIP
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Development & Technology - Year 2011, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory response to bacteriological infections that destroys the attachment of teeth resulting inperiodontal pocket formation. Organisms responsible for periodontitis are aclinobacillus actinomycetem comitans, bacteroidesgingivalis, bacteroides melanogenicus subsp.intermedius, eikenella corrodens, fusobacrerium nucleatum, wolinella recta,porphyromonas gingivalis, perotella intermedia and staphylococci subspecies epidermidis and auresus. Treatment ofperiodontitis varies widely from non-surgical to surgical options depending on how far the disease has progressed. Nonsurgicalmethods are systemic delivery of antimicrobials, scaling and root planning and local deliver of drug. Systematicadministration of antibiotics requires large dose as it provides only small amount of drug in the periodontal pockets and canlead to the potential thread of bacterial resistance. So the use of antibiotics through systemic deliver is not the best choice totreat chronic periodontitis. Scaling and root planning are mechanical methods for the treatment of periodontitis. Local deliveryof antimicrobial medication gives site specific and therapeutic level of drug at the site of infection for prolonged periods oftime. Periochip is a controlled sub gingival delivery of chlorhexidine developed by Perio Products Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel and itis a commercially available product. V.Parthasarathy and co-workers developed a non-biodegradable sustained release localdelivery system of sparfloxacin for the treatment of periodontal disease which was effective in the treatment of periodontaldisease. Types of periodontal surgery are soft tissue grafts, gingivectomy and frenotomy. Evaluation of efficacy of the drugdelivery systems by physical evaluation, economic evaluation, in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials are discussed in the article.From the review it shows the local delivery of drug can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontitis.
Authors and Affiliations
Belsen David J , Manavalan R , Parthasarathy V
Keywords
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