The Effectiveness of Long Acting Amide Local Anesthetics In Surgical Removal of Lower 3rd Molars – A Systematic Review.
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) - Year 2013, Vol 3, Issue 11
Abstract
: Background: “Local or regional anaesthesia may be defined as a regional loss of sensation to a painful stimulus as well as loss of all other sensations including temperature, pressure and touch etc resulting from a reversible interruption of peripheral conduction along a specific neural pathway” Malamed1 .Local anesthetics are chemicals that block nerve conduction in a specific, temporary and reversible manner, without affecting the patient’s consciousness. The molecule consists of two poles: a hydrophilic tertiary or secondary amino group and a lipophilic aromatic ring. According to the type of intermediate alkyl linkage between them, they are classified in ester-type anesthetics, with an amino-ester bond and whose prototype is procaine, and the amide-type with an amino-amide bond and whose prototype is lidocaine2 .The choice of anesthetic solution should be based on three main clinical considerations: anesthetic potency, latency (time to onset of anesthesia), and duration of the anesthetic effect.1,3,4,5. A number of local anesthetic agents are available that provide rapid onset of surgical anesthesia and adequate duration of anesthetic effect6 Vasoconstrictors have been added to local anesthetic solutions to increase the quality and duration of anesthesia, avoid excessive intraoperative bleeding, and decrease systemic toxicity.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Muhammed Anvar Sadath B. D. S, (M. D. S) , Prof. Dr. Ashok. K. Ramadorai. FDRCS(Edin),FFRCS(Ire)2.
Keywords
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