Neuroprotective Effects of High Density Lipoproteins (APOE) and Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Apoe-Hdl
Journal Title: International Journal of Health Sciences and Research - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 8
Abstract
There are a number of potential mechanisms through which HDL could act to protect neural function. Apolipoproteins E is the most abundant apolipoproteins in the brain. ApoE-HDL and cholesterol are synthesized mainly by de novo synthesis in astrocytes. Three major functions of astrocyte-derived ApoE-containing lipoproteins includes transfer of phospholipids and cholesterol via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters such as ABCA1 and ABCG1,interaction with the LDLR super family of proteins located on the surface of neurons to facilitate axonal growth and neuronal survival and interaction with the LRP1-dependent cellular uptake pathway in the deposition of amyloid plaques. Cholesterol is a very important membrane lipid to keep function and survival of neurons in the brain. The brain contains about 20% of whole body cholesterol. Brain cholesterol is involved in axonal elongation, dendrite differentiation, synapse development and synapse formation, long-term potentiation, Learning and memory Neuroprotective effects of ApoE-HDL in the brain includes suppression of Aβ production by decreasing cellular cholesterol, can directly bind excess Aβ and thereby inhibit cholesterol oligomerisation, remove Aβ that accumulates in the vessel wall during the course of VD, decrease oxidative stress and thereby indirectly decrease Aβ production, can act on astrocytes to attenuate a local inflammatory reaction, accelerates maturation of synapses and maintain of synaptic plasticity. Disturbances in cholesterol homeostasis have been associated to the onset and the development of several neurological disorders such as AD, NPC and HD disease.
Authors and Affiliations
Demeke Ashencho
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP374324
- DOI -
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
Conditioning Effects of 8 Weeks Training in Yogic Breathing Maneuvers on Abdominal Muscles Thickness
Background: Yogic Breathing Maneuvers (YBM) such as various forms of Pranayama and KapalabhatiKriya are known widely for its positive effects on the cardio- pulmonary and mental health. However, its role in improving abd...
Breastfeeding Practices in a Rural Area of Dibrugarh District: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study
Background: Feeding the child with breast milk soon after birth is the first fundamental right of the child. Correct breastfeeding practices is essential for survival, proper growth and development of a newborn. Objectiv...
Assessment of the Comprehensibility of Oral Health Instructions Given By Health Service Providers to the Outpatients in a Public Hospital at Chennai
Introduction: Health literacy is an outcome of health education. The recent trend of high demands of health information has led to an increase in health literacy problems. Dentists often encounter patients with very low...
A Review on Ehlers-Danlos SyndromeA Review on Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of inherited disorders that affect the connective tissues primarily skin, joints, and blood vessel walls. Connective tissue is a complex mixture of proteins and other substances th...
Assessment of Salivary Immunoglobulin A, a-amylase, pH and Flow-rate Effects on Dental Caries Experience of Down’s Syndrome Children in Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Objective: To assess the association between dental caries experience and salivary Immunoglobulin A, a-amylase, pH and flow-rate in Down’s syndrome children. Materials and Methods: One-Hundred Down’s syndrome participant...