New methods of imaging thyroid gland
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2013, Vol 26, Issue 11
Abstract
Traditional methods of imaging thyroid gland are radionuclide scan with the use of either 99Tc pertechnetate, 123I or 131I and ultrasonography (US). Nowadays a new technique, elastography (ES) arouses a great interest. Basing on the fact that malignant tissue is usually hard on palpation ES was introduced to estimate tissue stiffness. Two main forms of ES are known in clinical practice: strain ES which evaluates the tissue stiffness by the external compression with probe or by endogenous compression exerted by carotid artery pulsation. The degree of tissue deformation under compression is color-coded: from red to blue. The strain ratio between a lesion and adjacent healthy thyroid tissue is also used. The second ES form is shear wave elastography (SWE) which measures the speed of the transverse wave in tissues: the speed of shear wave is higher in malignant nodules than in benign lesions. The results of SWE are expressed in m/s or kPa. The reported results are promising: ES can predict thyroid malignancy with 82-97% sensitivity, 96-100% specificity, 87-94% PPV and 85-98% NPV. The results of evaluating indeterminate nodules are conflicting: PPV of 34-81%, NPV of 50-89.9%. Although the accuracy of ES in differentiating thyroid nodules is better than conventional US, it has limitations: peripheral or intralesional calcifications, large cystic areas within the nodule and follicular cancers. Another method – 18fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography scanning has proven role in the localization of differentiated thyroid cancer metastases in Tg-positive, RAI scan – negative patients and also can be used to differentiate the nodules with indeterminate cytology.
Authors and Affiliations
Małgorzata Gietka-Czernel
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP54612
- DOI -
- Views 140
- Downloads 0
Ω-3 PUFA supplementation decreases nuclear factor κB activity and attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction
Introduction. Supplementation with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) exerts cardioprotective effects in heart failure patients, however the mechanism is not well know. The present study assessed the effect of DH...
Zespół policystycznych jajników a ryzyko chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego
Zespół policystycznych jajników jest częstym schorzeniem endokrynnym, przebiegającym z hiperandrogenizmem klinicznym lub biochemicznym, zaburzeniami miesiączkowania i obecnością powiększonych lub policystycznych jajników...
Adherence to medication – is this a problem in elderly people?
The treatment of chronic illnesses should be provided systematically with physicians orders (compliance) for a long period of time (persistance). Poor adherence is a common cause of non-response to medication and it decr...
AQUAPHERESIS for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in Adults – rationale and initial clinical experience in a single center
20 consecutive patients presenting with acute decompensated diuretic-resistant heart failure were subjected to 1-11 sessions of isolated ultafiltration, followed by hemodialysis when biochemically indicated. There were n...
Pierwotna małopłytkowość immunologiczna (ITP) – początek ery agonistów receptora trombopoetyny
Koncepcje mówiące o mechanizmach powstawania małopłytkowości w ITP zmieniły się z tradycyjnego poglądu na niszczenie płytek krwi poprzez autoprzeciwciała, na korzyść złożonych procesów, w których rolę odgrywa również upo...