Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the context of the gut microbiome
Journal Title: Сучасна гастроентерологія - Year 2019, Vol 0, Issue 5
Abstract
The article presents modern views on the epidemiological situation with the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the world, its prevalence among the population of European countries, and gender-associated characteristics. The role of the intestinal microbiome in the pathogenetic mechanisms of NAFLD development at the stage of steatosis, as well as the role of the intestinal microbiota in the progression of the disease, has been elucidated. The role of the main pathogenetic factors in the disease onset in healthy people and NAFLD development has been demonstrated, including the short chain fatty acids, bile acids, lipopolysaccharides, changes in the permeability of the intestinal wall, the balance of the main bacterial clusters. The relationship of insulin resistance with the above factors and their effects on its significance in patients with metabolic syndrome has been established. The authors showed the anatomical and functional relationships of the intestine and liver within the intestinal microbiota. The experimental data have been presented that demonstrate the effects of the intestinal microbiota on the formation and progression of non-alcoholic steatosis. The effects of intestinal microbiota metabolites on the formation of liver steatosis is separately disclosed: ethanol, bile acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, aromatic amino acids. Moreover, the authors presented the experimental data, providing explanation for the role of the intestinal microbiota on the manifestations of the metabolic syndrome and, in particular, NAFLD. In addition, the results of clinical and preclinical studies of the effects of microbiome correction on the leading pathogenetic mechanisms of NAFLD have been shown. The effects of individual bacterial phylotypes on the course of NAFLD have been considered. The main therapeutic strategies in the treatment of the disease, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, have been presented, as well as the trends for antibiotic therapy, probiotic therapy and fecal transplantation in the context of NAFLD therapy and their potential role.
Authors and Affiliations
O. Ye. Gridnyev, K. Yu. Dubrov
Keywords
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- EP ID EP675483
- DOI 10.30978/MG-2019-5-97
- Views 135
- Downloads 0
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