Non Chemical Control of Heterodera goldeni and Meloidogyne incognita on Rice Plants using Residues of Oyster Mushroom Cultivation and Supernatant of Bacillus thuringiensis before Transplanting under Field Microplots Conditions
Journal Title: Egyptian Journal of Agronematology - Year 2015, Vol 14, Issue 1
Abstract
Two trials were carried out under field microplots conditions during April- August 2015, to study the effect of soil treatment (five days prior to planting) with decomposed and non decomposed residues of oyster mushroom cultivation (OMC) at 500g/m2, supernatant (S) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) alone and their combinations at the half dose (250g/m2) and concentration (S/2), with a comparative treatment by the chemical nematicide Vydate® L. (Oxamyl 24% SL) at the recommended dose (5 liters/feddan) on the management of the cyst (Heterodera goldeni) and root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) nematodes infecting rice plants cv. Sakha 101. All treatments greatly (P=0.05) reduced the numbers of cysts of H. goldeni, root galls and egg masses of M. incognita on rice plant roots as compared to the control plants infected with either nematode species alone. Of the tested treatments, Vydate® L. provided the highest reduction (90.02%) of H. goldeni cysts, followed by the combination of residues of OMC decomposed for 4 weeks and supernatant (S/2) of Bt (84.11%), while the combined treatment with non decomposed residues of OMC and supernatant (S/2) of Bt gave the lowest one (59.15%). Other treatments recorded 66.1-75.04% reduction of cysts. Similarly, Vydate® L., supernatant (S) of Bt (alone) and residues of OMC decomposed for 4 weeks (alone and their combination with supernatant (S/2) of Bt) showed the maximum reduction of root galls (79.17-88.17%) and of egg masses (80.02- 88.01%) of M. incognita with no significant differences between them. Other soil applications gave 66.54-72.08% reduction of root galls and 61.1-68.56% of egg masses On the other hand, all treatments significantly increased dry weight of rice plants (25.44-80.96%) and improved spikes yield/plant (44.5-173.0%) as compared to the control ones infected with H. goldeni only. Likely, these treatments resulted in valuable increase (28.43-75.02%) of total dry weights and 61.2-163.6% increase of yield of spikes/plant, as comparing to those infected with M. incognita only. It is worthy to note that residues of OMC decomposed for 4 weeks (alone and their combinations with supernatant (S/2) of Bt) appeared to be effective as 50.5 – 62.8%of Vydate® L. in controlling H. goldeni, whereas supernatant (S) of Bt, residues of OMC decomposed for 4 weeks (alone and their combination with supernatant (S/2)of Bt) found to be as effective as 60-70% of Vydate® L. in managing M. incognita on rice plants.
Authors and Affiliations
Sherin Awd-Allah, Amr El-Sherbiny
Keywords
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