NON-RANDOMISED CONTROL TRIAL OF GLYCOLIC ACID 12% CREAM VERSUS AZELAIC ACID 10% CREAM IN MELASMA
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 94
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melasma is most common acquired hypermelanosis which presents with asymmetrical hyperpigmentation usually involving the malar, mandibular or centrofacial area. It is seen in South East Asia especially in skin photo types 3 & 4. It is seen mainly in women during childbearing age and its onset may correlate with pregnancy or the use of oral contraceptive pills. The other commonly known factors in its pathogenesis include genetic influences, endocrine factors, use of cosmetics, certain drugs like anticonvulsants, steroids and exposure to sunlight (UVA, UVB and visible light). Hydroquinone is being used for treatment of melasma since long time as it is efficacious, but it has adverse effects like contact dermatitis, exogenous ochronosis. Hence, we tried non-hydroquinone based topical medications which are safe, efficacious and are known to target melanocytes and various steps of melanogenesis. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of topical Glycolic acid 12% cream versus Azelaic acid 10% cream in melasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Settings and Design- Prospective non-randomised controlled trial of efficacy and safety of Glycolic acid 12% cream versus Azelaic acid 10% cream. 100 patients of melasma who completed all followups were included in this study for a period of 12 weeks and randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Group A - 12% Glycolic acid cream. Group B - 10% Azelaic acid cream. Statistical Analysis- Every 2 weeks and at the end of 12 weeks, the two treatment groups were compared for efficacy and adverse effects and the results were analysed with Chi-square test. Yates correction was applied wherever necessary. RESULTS The response to Azelaic acid 10% cream was relatively higher than Glycolic acid 12% cream. Cut-offs were considered and these differences were statistically significant (0.001 and 0.012). It was observed that higher proportion of patients with Glycolic acid 12% cream had adverse effects when compared to Azelaic acid 10% cream except for dryness. CONCLUSION When the two topical medications were compared we found that Azelaic acid 10% cream was more tolerable and efficacious with maximum resolution than Glycolic acid 12% cream.
Authors and Affiliations
Fatima Razvi, Nayeem Sadath Haneef, Polishetty Sravanthi, Fatima Ummul Hasnath, Ramesh Bang
Keywords
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