Ocular Changes in Pregnancy: An Observational Study
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Introduction: Ocular changes which occur during pregnancy are broad and common. They can be divided into physiological or pathological, and some changes may be associated with pre-existing conditions. Physiological changes are lid telangiectesia, ptosis, increased pigmentation around the eyes and cheeks, corneal edema, decreased corneal sensation, increased corneal thickness, and curvature. Contact lens intolerance, dry eye syndrome, and decreased intraocular pressure are also some of the physiological changes seen during pregnancy. Although ocular complications are common in pregnancy, most of them are mild which requires no treatment. However, it is important to identify serious conditions that occur during pregnancy requiring immediate medical attention. Purpose: The aim of the present study is to report significant ocular changes that occur during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional clinical study was done in 120 women with pregnancy (gestational period from 24 weeks to 38 weeks). A detailed medical, ocular, and gestational history was obtained. All pregnant women underwent detailed eye examination including assessment of visual acuity, refraction, ocular motility, keratometric reading, anterior segment examination with slit lamp biomicroscope, intraocular pressure recording with noncontact tonometer, corneal sensitivity, and dilated fundus examination. Results: A total of 120 women with pregnancy (gestational period 24–38 weeks) underwent detailed eye examinations. 38% showed clinically significant retinal changes with high blood pressure, and in these cases, only 31% showed physiological changes along. Other significant pathological conditions were also noticed. Most ocular disease can be treated with drugs. Conclusions: All pregnant women during antenatal and postpartum period should undergo complete ophthalmic examination and treatment. Early detection of retinal abnormalities can prevent serious complications.
Authors and Affiliations
Nanda L. Shivkumar, B M Rupakala, Sukriti Agrawal
Keywords
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