OCULAR MANIFESTATION IN HIV- A CLINICAL STUDY AT TERTIARY CENTRE
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 11
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has spread worldwide with various adverse health and economic implications, particularly in the developing world.(1) Ocular involvement in AIDS is very common and includes various clinical presentations.(2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) The aim of this study is to study various ocular manifestations in the cases known to be infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective clinical study from October 2010 to November 2012 at Govt. Regional Eye Hospital, Visakhapatnam, in association with Antiretroviral treatment (ART) Centre, KGH, Visakhapatnam. RESULTS Out of 960 HIV positive patients examined, 201 (20.93%) patients had ocular manifestations. Of these 201 patients, adults were 192 (95.5%) and children were 9 (4.5%). Out of these 201 patients age group 0 - 20 were 16 (7.96%), age group 20 - 40 were 120 (59.7%), age group 40 - 60 were 55 (27.36%), age group > 60 were 10 (4.97%). 126 cases (62.7%) had anterior segment manifestations and 75 (37.3%) had posterior segment manifestations. Anterior segment manifestations include dry eye (12.43%), blepharitis (7.46%), molluscum (4.97%), OSSN (0.99%), dendritic ulcer (4.47%), fungal ulcer (3.98%), iridocyclitis (7.46%), HZO (9.45%), conjunctivitis (5.47%), nerve palsy (0.99%), stye (4.47%) and chronic dacryocystitis (0.49%). Posterior segment manifestations include HIV retinopathy (15.42%), CMV retinitis (12.43%), optic atrophy (1.49%), choroiditis (4.47%), PORN (1.49%) and retinal detachment (1.99%). Out of 201, 23 (11.44%) had CD4 count < 50, 40 (19.9%) had CD4 count 50 - 100, 120 (59.7%) had CD4 count 200 – 500 and 18 (8.95%) had CD4 count > 500. 93 (46.3%) were on HAART and 108 (53.7%) were on pre-HAART. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ocular manifestations in HIV patients is 20.93%, commonly involving age group between 20 - 40 yrs. of age. HIV microangiopathy was the most common ocular manifestation in HIV patients and it was the common posterior segment manifestation. Anterior segment being the commonly involved segment in HIV patients and common anterior segment manifestation was dry eye. CMV retinitis was the most common opportunistic infection in patients with HIV and it was associated with CD4 count < 50 cells/microlitre. Patients on HAART therapy showed less manifestations compared to pre-HAART patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Chelluboyina Manga Venkat, Chodipelli Guru Murthy
Keywords
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