OPTIMIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL, TYPOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS

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OPTIMIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL, TYPOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SENIOR SCHOOL STUDENTS

Journal Title: Наука і освіта - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 8

Abstract

Recently the health of Ukrainian children and teenagers has become worse. According to some studies by the beginning of each academic year about 30% of children have locomotor and respiratory system disorders, 10% have eye disorders, endocrine and cardiovascular systems disturbances. Unfortunately, within the period of studying their health worsens: up to 60% of children have chronic diseases, 33% junior school students and 658% senior school students have the low level of functional physical state. The article is aimed at determining the constitutional and typological characteristics of functional capacity of 15-17-year-old adolescents. The experiment involved 2276 15-17-year-old school students (1180 female student and 1096 male students) studying at different educational institutions of Sumy, Ukraine. The Ruffier functional test has been used for the assessment of functional capacity of the surveyed. The somatotype and Cerdo vegetative index has been calculated. It has been determined that most of the surveyed have normosthenic constitution (62,66 ± 0,97%), less number of adolescents have asthenic and hypersthenic constitution (16,90 ± 0,78% и 14,44 ± 0,74%). Students with hypersthenic constitution have the increased index of systolic blood pressure. Besides, these students are characterized by the increased heart rate affected by the vegetative balance and caused sympathicotomy as opposed to the surveyed with asthenic and normosthenic types. It is worth noting that the adolescents with hypersthenic constitution have below the average and low levels of functional capacity. The research has revealed the following risk factors of noncontagious diseases of students with hypersthenic constitution: disharmonious physical development with overweight and propensity to the increasing of the tonus of sympathic area of the nervous system, which can be used for the prenosological diagnostics of health disorders. The obtained results make it possible to assess the functional state of the surveyed, predict prenosological changes, take preventive measures, which will contribute to the educational process optimization at senior school.

Authors and Affiliations

Iryna Kalynychenko

Keywords

EP ID EP574718
DOI 10.24195/2414-4665-2016-8-14
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