Orphans in the society of Hetmanschyna in the XVIII century
Journal Title: Eminak - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 4
Abstract
The article examines orphanhood as a phenomenon that was extremely common in traditional society due to mortality. It is assumed that at least one in five children was an orphan. However, most of these children successfully integrated into the society, found themselves occupations and became able to feed themselves. This means that the society of Hetmanschyna had appropriate fuses, which allowed the child’s normal socialization even after the loss of relatives. It also points to the effect of social mechanisms of care over orphans, which allowed to solve the problem of orphanhood when the state was just beginning to worry about it, and only at the level of the capital. Orphan care options were different. First, in the case of the death of parents, the rights and duties of guardianship over children passed to relatives (including baptized parents) who had to take care of the property of children (if any) and take care of their further fate. Motivating guardians from a commonplace environment could have an economic background. Having taken orphans into the family, it was possible to use child labor without payment, as there are special instructions for fiscal documents. Secondly, a child could be in a foreign family on the rights of a hired worker. There are references that the nobles used such children for small orders, as personal assistants. Thirdly, the orphans could raise childless married couples who could fulfill their role as parents, this was very important in the society of the time.
Authors and Affiliations
Igor Serdiuk
Keywords
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