Orthodontic assessment of the similarities and differences in monozygotic twins – case analysis
Journal Title: Forum Ortodontyczne - Year 2013, Vol 9, Issue 3
Abstract
For more than a century now, orthodontists have debated the role of genetic and environmental factors in the formation and development of the stomatognathic system. Studies of pairs of twins may provide an answer to many questions in this area. [b]The aim[/b] of the study was to assess similarities and differences in the morphology of the dental arch and facial skeleton in pairs of monozygotic twins based on a case study analysis. [b]Material and methods[/b]. We performed extraoral and intraoral examinations of the female patients, and assessed the pantomographic X-rays and the lateral cephalometric photographs of the patients’ skulls and took measurements on diagnostic plaster models. Based on the data gathered, similarities and differences in the patients’ facial skeleton and dental arches were assessed. [b]Results[/b]. The intraoral and extraoral examinations revealed a high level of morphological similarity. Hypodontia of an incisor was accompanied by a microdontic incisor on the opposite side of the arch in both twins. The majority of the parameters assessed in the cephalometric X-rays revealed great similarities between the two sisters, which demonstrates the significant impact of hereditary factors on the morphology of the facial skeleton. The genetic influence is especially strong in the vertical dimensions. The most pronounced differences were observed in the position of the upper and lower incisors in relation to one another as well as in their position in relation to the bone bases. The dental age of teeth was assessed on the basis of a pantomographic X-ray image using the Demirijan and Haavikko methods, both of which showed some delay in relation to the chronological age. This is a characteristic feature of the twins as well as of hypodontia. [b]Summary[/b]. The numerous similarities observed in monozygotic twins may be evidence of the morphological heredity of facial skeleton features, while the existence of differences proves that environmental factors may play a significant role in the development of malocclusions. (Niedziela A, Polek A, Szyper-Szczurowska J. Orthodontic assessment of the similarities and differences in monozygotic twins – case analysis. Orthod Forum 2013; 9: 205-16). Received: 12.06.2013 Accepted: 20.08.2013
Authors and Affiliations
Agata Niedziela, Joanna Szyper-Szczurowska
Keywords
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