PECULIARITIES OF GENESIS AND GEOGRAPHY OF SOILS OF NADSIANNIA PLAIN
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки - Year 2015, Vol 20, Issue 4
Abstract
Purpose. Nadsyannia moraine plain is an area of ancient agricultural culture, which has been undergoing a strong anthropogenic pressure in recent decades. Nadsyannia plain soils have not been investigated enough in terms of geography, genesis, and characteristics. The location of the research area is an arguable point because it is considered to be both a part of Precarpathians due to its physical and geographic zoning, and also a part of Polissya due to the soil and geographic and agropeсological zone division. The eastern boundary of the territory that separates Nadsyannia plain from Opillia is also a matter of argument. Research of Nadsyannia plain soils is essential for scientific-theoretical and practical aspects in terms of their formation, current state, efficient use and preservation. The aim of the research is genetic and geographic features of Nadsyannia plain soils. The object is sod-podzolic, podzolic-sod, meadow, and soddy soils of Nadsyannia plain formed in aqueoglacial, alluvial and aqueoglacial deposits and with moraine underlay. Data&Methods. Comparative-geography, field, analytical, statistical methods were used in investigation. Cartographic basis is the soil map of scale 1: 10 000 and 1:200 000. The map of soils has been prepared with the help of software use Mapinfo Professional 7.8 SCP, CorelDRA W X4. Results. The way of evolutionary development of Nadsyannia plain is associated with the continental glaciation and powerful influence of fluvioglacial waters action is reflected in the structure of soil cover with domination by sod-podzolic, podzolic-sod, meadow and soddy soils. The podzolic, sod, ilymerization, and gley are the main processes which contributed to their soil formation. Sod-podzolic soils are evenly distributed across the plain, and belong to the watershed zone, moraine ridges and their slopes. They were formed in water-glacial deposits, locally underplayed by the moraine loam under the forest and forest-meadow vegetation. Soils are mainly greyed, sometimes at the bottom of the soil profile they contain carbonates. Significant spread of this type of soil is observed in the watershed slopes, also their intensive cultivation is the reason for erosion. Light granulometric composition podzolic sod soils belong mainly to the northern part of plains with less incurvate, non-drain depressions and hollows periphery, were formed on the water-glacial deposits, and are often greyed. Meadow soils were mainly formed on alluvial, sometimes on alluvial-delluvial or binomial (water-ice deposits, underplayed by moraine) deposits under the influence of the humus-accumulative and gley processes. They cover floodplains, mainly involved in meadows, pastures and arable lands. Sod gley soils are mainly formed on light granulometric composition, the poor, nonalcareous. rocks under the influence of sod and gley processes. The largest areas of this soil occupy the southern part of Nadsyannia plain. They belong to the various forms of relief: parts of riverine floodplain, upland terraces, lowered outwash watershed. Usually, they are used as the pastures and fallow lands. Relatively small area is occupied by the meadow-boggy and boggy soils, which belong to non-drain depressions plains, and floodplains. Usually, they are used as unproductive hayfields.
Authors and Affiliations
V. G. Haskevych, O. Lutsyshyn, N. Batiuk
Keywords
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