PEPTIC ULCER: A REVIEW ON ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Journal Title: International Research Journal of Pharmacy (IRJP) - Year 2012, Vol 3, Issue 6
Abstract
A peptic ulcer is a sore on the lining of the stomach or duodenum. The two most common types of peptic ulcer are called “gastric ulcers” and “duodenal ulcers”. Peptic ulcers are found to be due to an imbalance between aggressive factors such as hydrochloric acid (HCL), pepsin, refluxed bile, leukotrienes (LTs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and defensive factors, which include the function of the mucus-bicarbonate barrier, prostaglandins (PGs), mucosal blood flow, cell renewal and migration, nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants and some growth factors. H. pylori infection and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the predominant causes of peptic ulcer disease. Also, a numbers of factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer, among which major factors involved are bacterial infection (Helicobacter pylori), certain medications (NSAID), chemicals (Hcl/ethanol) ,gastric cancer and minor factors are stress, smoking, spicy food and nutritional deficiencies. The idea behind treating ulcers is to lower the amount of acid that your stomach makes, to neutralize the acid that is made and to protect the injured area so it can have time to heal. The main aim of this review article has to summarize the ulcerogenic mechanisms of various mediators involved in Peptic ulcer disease.
Authors and Affiliations
Amandeep Kaur , Robin Singh , Ramica Sharma , Sunil Kumar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP114307
- DOI -
- Views 85
- Downloads 0
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF THE FLOWER OF PHLOGACANTHUS THYRSIFLORUS NEES IN ALBINO MICE
Medicinal plants contains a variety of chemical substances with important therapeutic properties that can be utilised in the treatment of human diseases. Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees of family Acanthaceae is used in f...
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT OF RAMIPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN BULK AND MARKETED FORMULATION BY VIERORDT’S METHOD
This paper describes a simple, accurate, specific and validated method for quantitative determination of Ramipril and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and marketed dosage formulation by Vierordt’s method. This method a involv...
IN VITRO RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF CEPHALANDRA INDICA
Cephalandra indica (Bimba, kanduri, Cucurbitaceae) is famous for its hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic Properties in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Other applications include the therapy of various conditions such as skin di...
EMERGING TRENDS IN REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS FOR BIOSIMILARS: RECENT ADVANCES IN GLOBAL AND INDIAN REGULATIONS
Biopharmaceutical drugs have outperformed the pharmaceutical market as a whole largely due to two factors: they address areas of clinical need that are unmanageable with conventional therapeutics (including cancers) and...
DABIGATRAN ETEXILATE: NEW DIRECT THROMBIN INHIBITORS ANTICOAGULANTS
Thrombin plays a key role in thrombotic events, and therefore thrombin inhibition represents a therapeutic target for numerous thromboembolic diseases. Thrombin is responsible for the conversion of soluble fibrinogen to...