Performance of First Response® and CareStart™ Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests for the Detection of Plasmodium falciparum in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana
Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 19, Issue 8
Abstract
Background: Malaria poses a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana, millions of people are potentially at risk of Plasmodium falciparum infections annually. The current study evaluated the performance of two Histidine rich protein 2 (HRP-2) rapid diagnostic tests (First Response® and CareStart™) using giemsa stained microscopy (microscopy) as the gold standard. This cross-sectional study which took place at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi from October 2014 to March, 2015 was done to monitor the performance of RDTs that are used regularly in Ghana. Methodology: A total of 400 children (239 males, 161 females; age range 1-17 years) with fever or history suggestive of malaria were included in the study. First Response® and CareStart™ diagnostic accuracy results were compared with that of microscopy. The strength of agreements (kappa) between the microscopy and the two RDTs were also calculated. Results: Of the 400 blood films that were examined using microscopy, Plasmodium parasites were detected in 33 (8.3%) of them. First Response® showed positive results in 65 (16.3%) and CareStart™ showed positive results in 68 (17.0%). The sensitivities of both First Response® and CareStart™ when compared with microscopy were 97.0% (95% CI: 84.2-99.9) and 97.0% (95% CI: 84.2-99.9) respectively. The specificities were First Response® 91.0% (95% CI: 87.6-93.7) and CareStart™ 90.2% (95% CI: 86.7-93.0). The strength of agreement (kappa) between microscopy and First Response® and CareStart™ with 95% confidence interval was good for the First Response® (giemsa stain microscopy vs First Response®: 0.61) and moderate for CareStart™ (giemsa stain microscopy vs CareStart™: 0.59). Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of the First Response® and CareStart™ RDTs to detect malaria was good with no significant differences between the two rapid test kits when compared with microscopy. The RDTs are a suitable alternative to microscopy to test for malaria in rural areas.
Authors and Affiliations
Bernice Ameyaw, Mohamed Mutocheluh, Michael Owusu, Alhassan Abiba Khalifah, Richard Vikpebah Duneeh, Patrick Williams Narkwa
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP311302
- DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30892
- Views 49
- Downloads 0
Potential Risk of Respiratory Secretions in the Transmission of HBV Infection: A Review of the Literature
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant health problem around the world and may cause serious morbidity and mortality. The most common transmission routes are parenteral, sexual, perinatal and horizontal way....
Evidence Based Medicine: Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers in Post-graduate Training
Aims: To assess the knowledge and attitude of post- graduate medical students regarding evidence based medicine (EBM) and to find out the barriers against its implementation, if any. Study Design: Medical college based c...
Estimation of the Risk of Cancer Associated with Pediatric Cranial Computed Tomography
Background: The role of Computed Tomography (CT) in the medical diagnosis of diseases has greatly expanded, despite the potential risk of cancer following exposures to ionising radiation (X-Ray) from this modality. This...
Achieving Economy of Scale in Critical Care, Planning Information Necessary to Support the Choice of Bed Numbers
Aims: To investigate the need for additional critical care beds, the potential for economy of scale in larger units, including ratios to support the choice of bed numbers. Study Design: Time trend analysis and constructi...
Prevalence and Determinants of Poor Sleep Quality among Myanmar Migrant Workers in Malaysia: A Cross-sectional Study
Background: Sleep quality is an important determinant of health; so much so that the socio-economic and healthcare burden of poor sleep quality is alarming. In Malaysia, there is a shortage of sleep-quality studies condu...